Núcleo de Pesquisas Tecnológicas, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil; Department of Psychology and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Department of Psychology and Institute for Neuroscience, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Ageing Res Rev. 2021 Sep;70:101415. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101415. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
Longevity is one of the great triumphs of humanity. Worldwide, the elderly is the fastest growing segment of the population. As a consequence, the number of cases of age-related cognitive decline and neurological diseases associated with aging, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, has been increasing. Among the non-pharmacological interventions studied for the treatment or prevention of age-related neurocognitive impairment, photobiomodulation (PBM) has gained prominence for its beneficial effects on brain functions relevant to aging brains. In animal models, the neuroprotective and neuromodulatory capacity of PBM has been observed. Studies using both animals and humans have shown promising metabolic and hemodynamic effects of PBM on the brain, such as improved mitochondrial and vascular functions. Studies in humans have shown that PBM can improve electrophysiological activity and cognitive functions such as attention, learning, memory and mood in older people. In this paper we will review the main brain effects of PBM during aging, discuss its mechanisms of action relevant to the aging brain, and call for more controlled studies in older populations.
长寿是人类的伟大成就之一。在全球范围内，老年人是人口增长最快的群体。因此，与年龄相关的认知能力下降和与衰老相关的神经退行性疾病（如阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病）的病例数量一直在增加。在研究用于治疗或预防与年龄相关的神经认知障碍的非药物干预措施中，光生物调节（PBM）因其对与衰老大脑相关的大脑功能的有益影响而受到关注。在动物模型中，已经观察到 PBM 的神经保护和神经调节能力。使用动物和人类的研究表明，PBM 对大脑具有有希望的代谢和血液动力学作用，例如改善线粒体和血管功能。人类研究表明，PBM 可以改善老年人的电生理活动和认知功能，如注意力、学习、记忆和情绪。在本文中，我们将回顾 PBM 在衰老过程中对大脑的主要影响，讨论其与衰老大脑相关的作用机制，并呼吁在老年人群中进行更多的对照研究。
