Département Des Sciences Des Aliments, Institute of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
Food Environ Virol. 2021 Dec;13(4):544-552. doi: 10.1007/s12560-021-09493-x. Epub 2021 Jul 30.
Foodborne viral illnesses are frequent worldwide and costly for the society. Human norovirus is one of the most common causal agents. Although some norovirus genotypes can now be cultured, surrogates are still used for inactivation studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different organic loads individually (artificial feces, real fecal matter, ASTM tripartite organic load, fetal bovine serum) on the efficacy of three highly used sanitization treatments (thermal inactivation, peracetic acid and sodium hypochlorite treatment) using murine norovirus 3 in solutions and surfaces. Based on plaque-forming units, we show that organic matter protects murine norovirus 3 against thermal inactivation (viral reduction of ~ 1 log compared to 2.67 with PBS). However, there was a low-level but significant protection against peracetic acid (viral reduction of ~ 2 log compared to 2.85 with PBS) and none in the presence of sodium hypochlorite. Our study showed that the tested organic matters do not behave similarly depending on the treatments, especially with heat treatments, which showed a higher protection. Furthermore, Feclone ™ artificial feces mimicked some aspect of real fecal matter and may be used instead. Our results will be helpful to researchers undertaking viral inactivation studies in which an organic matrix is used to simulate actual conditions of human norovirus environment.
食源性病毒病在全球范围内较为常见，给社会带来了较高的经济负担。人类诺如病毒是最常见的病原体之一。尽管某些诺如病毒基因型现在可以培养，但仍然使用替代物进行失活动力学研究。本研究旨在评估不同有机负荷（人工粪便、真实粪便、ASTM 三方有机负荷、胎牛血清）对三种常用消毒处理方法（热失活、过氧乙酸和次氯酸钠处理）在溶液和表面中对鼠诺如病毒 3 的功效的影响。基于空斑形成单位，我们表明有机物可以保护鼠诺如病毒 3 免受热失活（与 PBS 相比，病毒减少了1 个对数级）。然而，对于过氧乙酸，其具有较低但显著的保护作用（与 PBS 相比，病毒减少了2 个对数级），而在次氯酸钠存在时则没有保护作用。我们的研究表明，受测试的有机物在不同处理方法下的行为并不相同，尤其是在热处理方面，其表现出更高的保护作用。此外，Feclone ™人工粪便模拟了真实粪便的某些方面，可以替代真实粪便使用。我们的研究结果将有助于开展病毒失活动力学研究的研究人员，这些研究可以使用有机基质模拟人类诺如病毒环境的实际情况。
