Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Medical Education Center, Fakultät für Medizin, TU München, Ismaninger Straße 22, D-81675, München, Germany.
DIPF | Leibniz-Institut für Bildungsforschung und Bildungsinformation, Frankfurt, Germany.
BMC Med Educ. 2021 Jul 30;21(1):410. doi: 10.1186/s12909-021-02829-y.
With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic at the beginning of 2020, the crucial role of hygiene in healthcare settings has once again become very clear. For diagnostic and for didactic purposes, standardized and reliable tests suitable to assess the competencies involved in "working hygienically" are required. However, existing tests usually use self-report questionnaires, which are suboptimal for this purpose. In the present study, we introduce the newly developed, competence-oriented HygiKo test instrument focusing health-care professionals' hygiene competence and report empirical evidence regarding its psychometric properties.
HygiKo is a Situational Judgement Test (SJT) to assess hygiene competence. The HygiKo-test consists of twenty pictures (items), each item presents only one unambiguous hygiene lapse. For each item, test respondents are asked (1) whether they recognize a problem in the picture with respect to hygiene guidelines and, (2) if yes, to describe the problem in a short verbal response. Our sample comprised n = 149 health care professionals (79.1 % female; age: M = 26.7 years, SD = 7.3 years) working as clinicians or nurses. The written responses were rated by two independent raters with high agreement (α > 0.80), indicating high reliability of the measurement. We used Item Response Theory (IRT) for further data analysis.
We report IRT analyses that show that the HygiKo-test is suitable to assess hygiene competence and that it allows to distinguish between persons demonstrating different levels of ability for seventeen of the twenty items), especially for the range of low to medium person abilities. Hence, the HygiKo-SJT is suitable to get a reliable and competence-oriented measure for hygiene-competence.
In its present form, the HygiKo-test can be used to assess the hygiene competence of medical students, medical doctors, nurses and trainee nurses in cross-sectional measurements. In order to broaden the difficulty spectrum of the current test, additional test items with higher difficulty should be developed. The Situational Judgement Test designed to assess hygiene competence can be helpful in testing and teaching the ability of working hygienically. Further research for validity is needed.
随着 2020 年初 COVID-19 大流行的爆发，医疗环境中卫生的关键作用再次变得非常明显。出于诊断和教学目的，需要标准化和可靠的测试来评估与“卫生工作”相关的能力。然而，现有的测试通常使用自我报告问卷，这在这方面并不理想。在本研究中，我们引入了新开发的、以能力为导向的 HygiKo 测试工具，重点关注医疗保健专业人员的卫生能力，并报告其心理测量特性的实证证据。
HygiKo 是一种情境判断测试（SJT），用于评估卫生能力。HygiKo 测试由二十张图片（项目）组成，每个项目只呈现一个明确的卫生失误。对于每个项目，测试受访者被要求（1）他们是否在图片中识别出与卫生指南相关的问题，以及（2）如果是，用简短的口头回答描述问题。我们的样本包括 n = 149 名医疗保健专业人员（79.1%为女性；年龄：M = 26.7 岁，SD = 7.3 岁），他们作为临床医生或护士工作。书面回答由两名具有高度一致性的独立评分者进行评分（α>0.80），表明测量具有高度可靠性。我们使用项目反应理论（IRT）进行进一步的数据分析。
我们报告了 IRT 分析结果，表明 HygiKo 测试适合评估卫生能力，并且它允许区分具有不同能力水平的人员对于二十个项目中的十七个项目），特别是对于低到中等能力的人。因此，HygiKo-SJT 适合为卫生能力提供可靠的和以能力为导向的测量。
在目前的形式下，HygiKo 测试可以用于在横断面测量中评估医学生、医生、护士和实习护士的卫生能力。为了拓宽当前测试的难度范围，应该开发具有更高难度的额外测试项目。设计用于评估卫生能力的情境判断测试可以帮助测试和教授卫生工作能力。需要进一步的有效性研究。
