Moussaoui Lisa Selma, Law Erin, Claxton Nancy, Itämäki Sofia, Siogope Ahmada, Virtanen Hannele, Desrichard Olivier
Research Group in Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, Université de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland.
Finnish Red Cross, Helsinki, Finland.
Front Psychol. 2022 May 5;13:866551. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.866551. eCollection 2022.
Sexual and reproductive health is a challenge worldwide, and much progress is needed to reach the relevant UN Sustainable Development Goals. This paper presents cross-sectional data collected in Sierra Leone on sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV), family planning (FP), child, early and forced marriage (CEFM), and female genital mutilation (FGM) using an innovative method of measurement: situational judgment tests (SJTs), as a subset of questions within a larger survey tool. For the SJTs, respondents saw hypothetical scenarios on these themes and had to indicate how they would react. The objective is to give an impression of beliefs and norms on specific behaviors, which provide insights for social and behavior change interventions. Data was collected by enumerators traveling to villages randomly selected in six districts of the country. The sample is composed of 566 respondents. Results show that FGM in particular seem to be a priority topic, in comparison to the other topics for which the norms seem to be stronger against those practices. Age differences emerged and suggest priority groups to be targeted (e.g., on the topic of female genital mutilation, younger female respondents, and older male respondents gave the lowest coded responses which reflected to less appropriate behavior in our coding). In terms of validity of the measurement methods, situational judgment test answers correlated positively with other items in the survey, but the magnitude of the association is often small, and sometimes not significant. Thus, more studies are needed to further explore the validity of this measure by comparing against a reference value. Using SJTs could complement other data collection tools to perform community assessment, and orient the direction of the program in its planning phase.
性与生殖健康是全球面临的一项挑战，要实现联合国相关可持续发展目标仍需取得很大进展。本文展示了在塞拉利昂收集的关于性暴力和基于性别的暴力（SGBV）、计划生育（FP）、童婚、早婚和逼婚（CEFM）以及女性生殖器切割（FGM）的横断面数据，采用了一种创新的测量方法：情境判断测试（SJTs），作为一个更大调查工具中的部分问题。对于情境判断测试，受访者会看到关于这些主题的假设情景，并必须表明他们会如何反应。目的是了解对特定行为的信念和规范，为社会和行为改变干预提供见解。数据由调查员前往该国六个地区随机选择的村庄收集。样本由566名受访者组成。结果表明，与其他规范似乎更强地反对这些做法的主题相比，女性生殖器切割尤其似乎是一个优先主题。出现了年龄差异，并表明了需要针对的优先群体（例如，在女性生殖器切割主题上，年轻女性受访者和老年男性受访者给出的编码反应最低，这在我们的编码中反映出行为不太恰当）。在测量方法的有效性方面，情境判断测试答案与调查中的其他项目呈正相关，但关联程度通常较小，有时并不显著。因此，需要更多研究通过与参考值比较来进一步探索这种测量方法的有效性。使用情境判断测试可以补充其他数据收集工具以进行社区评估，并在项目规划阶段确定项目方向。
