Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbai Xiang St, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, China.
Psychiatry Res. 2021 Oct;304:114079. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114079. Epub 2021 Jul 16.
Previous studies of brain structural abnormalities in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) samples scarcely excluded comorbidity or analyzed them in subtypes. This study aimed to identify neuroanatomical alterations related to diagnosis and subtype of ADHD participants without comorbidity. In our cross-sectional analysis, we used T-weighted structural MRI images of individuals from the ADHD-200 database. After strict exclusion, 121 age-matched children with uncomorbid ADHD (54 with ADHD-inattentive [iADHD] and 67 with ADHD-combined [cADHD]) and 265 typically developing control subjects (TDC) were included in current investigation. The established method of voxel-based morphometry (VBM8) was used to assess global brain volume and regional grey matter volume (GM). Our results showed that the ADHD patients had more regional GM in the bilateral thalamus relative to the controls. Post hoc analysis revealed that regional GM increase only linked to the iADHD subtype in the right thalamus and precentral gyrus. Besides, the right thalamus volume was positively related to inattentive severity in the iADHD. There were no group differences in global volume. Our results provide preliminary evidence that cerebral structural alterations are tied to uncomorbid ADHD subjects and predominantly attribute to iADHD subtype. Furthermore, the volume of the right thalamus may be relevant to inattentive symptoms in iADHD possibly related to a lack of inhibition of irrelevant sensory input.
先前对注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）样本脑结构异常的研究几乎没有排除合并症，或者对亚型进行分析。本研究旨在确定与无合并症 ADHD 参与者的诊断和亚型相关的神经解剖学改变。在我们的横断面分析中，我们使用了 ADHD-200 数据库中个体的 T 加权结构 MRI 图像。经过严格排除，目前的研究共纳入 121 名年龄匹配的无合并症 ADHD 儿童（54 名注意力不集中型 iADHD 和 67 名混合型 cADHD）和 265 名典型发育对照（TDC）。我们采用基于体素的形态测量学（VBM8）方法评估全脑体积和局部灰质体积（GM）。结果显示，ADHD 患者双侧丘脑的局部 GM 较对照组增加。事后分析显示，只有右丘脑和中央前回的局部 GM 增加与 iADHD 亚型有关。此外，右丘脑体积与 iADHD 的注意力不集中严重程度呈正相关。两组在全脑体积上没有差异。我们的结果初步表明，脑结构改变与无合并症 ADHD 患者有关，主要与 iADHD 亚型有关。此外，右丘脑体积可能与 iADHD 的注意力不集中症状有关，可能与对无关感觉输入的抑制不足有关。
