Grenov Benedikte, Larnkjær Anni, Ritz Christian, Michaelsen Kim F, Damsgaard Camilla T, Mølgaard Christian
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Growth Horm IGF Res. 2021 Oct-Dec;60-61:101418. doi: 10.1016/j.ghir.2021.101418. Epub 2021 Jul 21.
Milk protein may stimulate linear growth through insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). However, the effect of plant proteins on growth factors is largely unknown. This study assesses the effect of combinations of milk and rapeseed protein versus milk protein alone on growth factors in children.
An exploratory 3-armed randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was conducted in 129 healthy 7-8 year-old Danish children. Children received 35 g milk and rapeseed protein (ratio 54:46 or 30:70) or 35 g milk protein per day for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was difference in IGF-1 changes between intervention groups after 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes included changes in IGF-1 after 1 week and changes in insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), IGF-1/IGFBP-3, insulin, height, weight and body composition after 1 and 4 weeks. Results were analysed by multiple linear mixed-effect models.
There were no differences in changes of plasma IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio or insulin between groups after 1 or 4 weeks based on 89 complete cases (P > 0.10). IGF-1 increased by 13.7 (95% CI 9.7;17.7) ng/mL and 18.0 (14.0;22.0) ng/mL from baseline to week 1 and 4, respectively, a 16% increase during the intervention. Similarly, insulin increased by 31% (14; 50) and 33% (16; 53) from baseline to week 1 and 4. Fat-free mass index (FFMI) increments were higher with milk alone than rapeseed blends (P < 0.05), coinciding with a trend towards a lower height increment. Body mass index increased within all groups (P < 0.05), mainly due to an increase in FFMI (P < 0.01).
There were no differences in changes of growth factors between the combinations of milk and rapeseed protein and milk protein alone in healthy, well-nourished children with a habitual intake of milk. Within groups, growth factors increased considerably. Future studies are needed to investigate how intakes of plant and animal proteins affect childhood growth.
乳蛋白可能通过胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）刺激线性生长。然而，植物蛋白对生长因子的影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。本研究评估牛奶与菜籽蛋白组合与单独的牛奶蛋白对儿童生长因子的影响。
对129名7 - 8岁健康丹麦儿童进行了一项探索性三臂随机、双盲、对照试验。儿童每天接受35克牛奶和菜籽蛋白（比例为54:46或30:70）或35克牛奶蛋白，持续4周。主要结局是4周后干预组之间IGF-1变化的差异。次要结局包括1周后IGF-1的变化以及1周和4周后胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3（IGFBP-3）、IGF-1/IGFBP-3、胰岛素、身高、体重和身体成分的变化。结果采用多重线性混合效应模型进行分析。
基于89例完整病例，1周或4周后，各组间血浆IGF-1、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-3（IGFBP-3）、IGF-1/IGFBP-3比值或胰岛素的变化无差异（P>0.10）。从基线到第1周和第4周，IGF-1分别增加了13.7（95%CI 9.7；17.7）ng/mL和18.0（14.0；22.0）ng/mL，干预期间增加了16%。同样，从基线到第1周和第4周，胰岛素分别增加了31%（14；50）和33%（16；53）。单独饮用牛奶时无脂肪体重指数（FFMI）的增加高于菜籽蛋白混合物（P<0.05），同时身高增加有降低趋势。所有组的体重指数均增加（P<0.05），主要是由于FFMI增加（P<0.01）。
在习惯性摄入牛奶的健康、营养良好的儿童中，牛奶和菜籽蛋白组合与单独的牛奶蛋白对生长因子的影响无差异。在各组中，生长因子均有显著增加。未来需要开展研究以调查植物蛋白和动物蛋白的摄入量如何影响儿童生长。
