Ye Chang, Zhang Chaoyi, Zhao Jingyi, Dong Yalin
School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074 Hubei China.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
J Mater Eng Perform. 2021;30(9):6407-6425. doi: 10.1007/s11665-021-06021-7. Epub 2021 Jul 26.
Additive manufacturing (AM) has attracted much attention due to its capability in building parts with complex geometries. Unfortunately, AM metals suffer from three major drawbacks, including high porosity, poor surface finish, and tensile residual stresses, all of which will significantly compromise the fatigue performance. These drawbacks present a major obstacle to the application of AM metals in industries that produce fatigue-sensitive components. Many post-processing methods, including heat treatment, hot isotropic pressing, laser shock peening, ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification, advanced finishing and machining, and laser polishing, have been used to treat AM metals to decrease their porosity, improve the surface finish, and eliminate tensile residual stresses. As a result, significant improvement in fatigue performance has been observed. In this paper, the state of the art in utilizing post-processing techniques to treat AM metals and the effects of these treatments on the porosity, surface finish, and residual stresses of metal components and their resultant fatigue performance are reviewed.
增材制造（AM）因其能够制造具有复杂几何形状的零件而备受关注。不幸的是，增材制造的金属存在三个主要缺点，包括孔隙率高、表面光洁度差和拉伸残余应力，所有这些都会显著损害疲劳性能。这些缺点对增材制造的金属在生产对疲劳敏感部件的行业中的应用构成了重大障碍。许多后处理方法，包括热处理、热等静压、激光冲击喷丸、超声纳米晶表面改性、先进的精加工和加工以及激光抛光，已被用于处理增材制造的金属，以降低其孔隙率、改善表面光洁度并消除拉伸残余应力。结果，观察到疲劳性能有显著改善。本文综述了利用后处理技术处理增材制造金属的现状，以及这些处理对金属部件的孔隙率、表面光洁度和残余应力及其最终疲劳性能的影响。
