Agami Sarit, Dayan Uri
Department of Economics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Department of Geography, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Atmos Environ (1994). 2021 Oct 1;262:118627. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118627. Epub 2021 Jul 24.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced a lockdown that has resulted in a sharp reduction in air and motor traffic and industrial activities. This in turn led to a reduction in air pollution around the world. It is important to quantify the extent of that reduction in order to estimate the weight of the impact of air and motor traffic and industrial activities over the total variation of air quality. An assessment of the extent of air pollution is aimed at facilitating the crafting of policies toward the reduction of pollution and the improvement in air quality. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on air pollution in Israel. Particularly, we focus on Haifa and Greater Tel-Aviv (Gush-Dan), two regions with high air pollution, while examining different types of air monitoring stations. The period to which we refer to is March 8, 2020, to May 2, 2020. The results reveal two main findings: (1) During the COVID-19 lockdown, pollution emissions decreased relative to the same period in 2019. The biggest reduction was observed in NO , which, on average, was 41%. Surprisingly, ground-level ozone ( ) increased, and appeared to behave similarly to the ozone weekend effect. (2) The total percentage variation in pollution emission that was explained by the lockdown was at most 26%. By adding the meteorological conditions (which included measures of wind direction, wind speed, and temperature) as a factor in addition to the lockdown effect, this percent increased to 47%.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）引发了封锁，导致航空、机动车交通及工业活动急剧减少。这进而致使全球空气污染程度降低。为估算航空、机动车交通及工业活动对空气质量总体变化的影响权重，量化这种降低的程度至关重要。评估空气污染程度旨在推动制定减少污染及改善空气质量的政策。本文旨在评估COVID-19疫情对以色列空气污染的影响。具体而言，我们聚焦于海法和大特拉维夫（古什丹）这两个空气污染严重的地区，同时考察不同类型的空气监测站。我们所涉及的时间段为2020年3月8日至2020年5月2日。结果揭示了两个主要发现：（1）在COVID-19封锁期间，污染排放相对于2019年同期有所下降。降幅最大的是一氧化氮（NO），平均降幅达41%。令人惊讶的是，地面臭氧（ ）增加了，且其表现似乎与臭氧周末效应类似。（2）封锁所解释的污染排放总百分比变化最多为26%。除了封锁效应外，将气象条件（包括风向、风速和温度测量值）作为一个因素加入后，这一百分比增至47%。
