Song Yuanyuan, Mei Ting, Liu Yan, Kong Shengnan, Zhang Jincheng, Xie Minzhen, Ou Shan, Liang Meixia, Wang Qi
Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Jul 15;12:655008. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.655008. eCollection 2021.
Eggplant ( L.) Calyx is a medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer properties. However, the pharmacodynamic components and metabolic characteristics remain unclear. Amide and phenylpropanoid were the two main constituents, and four amides, including -trans--coumaroyltyramine (), -trans--coumaroyloctopamine (), -trans--coumaroylnoradrenline (), -trans-feruloyloctopamine (), and a phenylpropanoid neochlorogenic acid () were selected. In this study, these five representative compounds showed cytotoxic activities on A549, HCT116, and MCF7 cells. In addition, the metabolites of from the eggplant calyx in rats were identified. In total, 23, 37, 29, and 17 metabolites were separately characterized in rat plasma, urine, feces, and livers, by UPLC/ESI/qTOF-MS analysis. The metabolism of amides and phenylpropanoid was mainly involved in hydroxylation, methylation, glucuronidation, or sulfation reactions. Two hydroxylated metabolites ( and ) were clearly identified by comparison with reference standards. Rat liver microsome incubation experiments indicated that P450 enzymes could hydroxylate , and the methylation reaction of the 7-hydroxyl was also observed. This is the first study on the metabolism of these compounds, which lays a foundation for follow-up studies on pharmacodynamic evaluations and mechanisms.
茄子（L.）萼片是一种具有抗炎、抗氧化和抗癌特性的药食两用传统中药。然而，其药效成分和代谢特征仍不清楚。酰胺类和苯丙素类是两种主要成分，选取了四种酰胺，包括反式对香豆酰酪胺（）、反式对香豆酰章鱼胺（）、反式对香豆酰去甲肾上腺素（）、反式阿魏酰章鱼胺（），以及一种苯丙素类新绿原酸（）。在本研究中，这五种代表性化合物对A549、HCT116和MCF7细胞显示出细胞毒性活性。此外，还鉴定了大鼠体内茄子萼片中该物质的代谢产物。通过超高效液相色谱/电喷雾电离/四极杆飞行时间质谱分析，分别在大鼠血浆、尿液、粪便和肝脏中鉴定出了总共23、37、29和17种代谢产物。酰胺类和苯丙素类的代谢主要涉及羟基化、甲基化、葡萄糖醛酸化或硫酸化反应。通过与参考标准品比较，明确鉴定出了两种羟基化代谢产物（和）。大鼠肝微粒体孵育实验表明，P450酶可使发生羟基化，并且还观察到了7-羟基的甲基化反应。这是关于这些化合物代谢的首次研究，为后续药效学评价和作用机制研究奠定了基础。
