Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano, 85100 Potenza (PZ), Italy.
School of Agricultural, Forest, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Via dell'Ateneo Lucano, 85100 Potenza (PZ), Italy.
Toxins (Basel). 2019 Apr 19;11(4):230. doi: 10.3390/toxins11040230.
Eggplant contains glycoalkaloids (GAs), a class of nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites of great structural variety that may have both adverse and beneficial biological effects. In this study, we performed a complete survey of GAs and their malonylated form, in two genotypes of eggplants: A commercial cultivated type, Mirabella (Mir), with purple peel and bitter taste and a local landrace, named (Sen), characterized by white peel with purple strip and a typical sweet aroma. Besides the analysis of their morphological traits, nineteen glycoalkaloids were tentatively identified in eggplant berry extracts based upon LC-ESI-FTICR-MS analysis using retention times, elution orders, high-resolution mass spectra, as well as high-resolution fragmentation by IRMPD. The relative signal intensities (i.e., ion counts) of the GAs identified in Mir and Sen pulp extracts showed as solamargine, and its isomers are the most abundant. In addition, anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated. Pulp tissue was found to be more active in inhibiting acetylcholinesterase enzyme than peel showing an inhibitory effect higher than 20% for Mir pulp. The identification of new malonylated GAs in eggplant is proposed.
茄子含有糖苷生物碱（GA），这是一类结构多样的含氮次生代谢物，可能具有不良和有益的生物学效应。在这项研究中，我们对两种茄子基因型（Mirabella，Mir，果皮紫色，味道苦涩；当地地方品种，Sen，果皮白色，有紫色条纹，具有典型的甜味）中的 GA 及其丙二酰化形式进行了全面调查。除了分析其形态特征外，还基于 LC-ESI-FTICR-MS 分析，使用保留时间、洗脱顺序、高分辨率质谱以及通过 IRMPD 进行高分辨率碎裂，在茄子浆果提取物中初步鉴定了 19 种糖苷生物碱。Mir 和 Sen 果肉提取物中鉴定出的 GA 的相对信号强度（即离子计数）以茄碱和其异构体最为丰富。此外，还评估了提取物的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制和抗氧化活性。果肉组织比果皮更能有效地抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶，Mir 果肉的抑制作用高于 20%。提出了在茄子中鉴定新的丙二酰化 GA。
