Agyare Sadick Ahmed, Osei Francis Adjei, Odoom Samuel Frimpong, Mensah Nicholas Karikari, Amanor Ernest, Martyn-Dickens Charles, Owusu-Ansah Michael, Mohammed Aliyu, Yeboah Eugene Osei
Ghana Health Service, Atwima Nwabiagya, Ghana.
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Tuberc Res Treat. 2021 Jul 19;2021:9952806. doi: 10.1155/2021/9952806. eCollection 2021.
Tuberculosis poses a great threat to public health around the globe and affects persons mostly in their productive age, notwithstanding; everyone is susceptible to tuberculosis (TB) infection. To assess the effectiveness and performance of the tuberculosis control program activities, the percentage of cases with treatment success outcome is key. To control tuberculosis, interrupting transmission through effective treatment cannot be overemphasized. The study was conducted to determine factors associated with TB treatment outcome, in the Atwima Nwabiagya District from 2007-2017.
A Retrospective review of routine/standard TB registers was carried out in five directly observed therapy short-course (DOTS) centres at the Atwima Nwabiagya District from January 2007 to December 2017. Demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes were assessed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to determine the predictors of successful treatment outcome.
Of the 891 TB client's data that was assessed in the district, the treatment success rate was 68.46%. Patients, aged ≤ 20 years (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 4.74, 95%CI = 1.75 - 12.83) and 51-60 years (aOR = 1.94, 95%CI = 1.12 - 3.39), having a pretreatment weight of 35-45 kg (aOR = 2.54, 95%CI = 1.32 - 4.87), 46-55 kg (aOR = 2.75, 95%CI = 1.44 - 5.27) and 56-65 kg (aOR = 3.04, 95%CI = 1.50 - 6.14) were associated with treatment success. However, retreatment patients (aOR = 0.31, 95%CI = 0.11 - 0.84) resulted in unsuccessful treatment outcome.
Successful treatment outcome among TB patients was about 20.00% and 30.00% lower compared to the national average treatment success rate and WHO target, respectively. Active monitoring, motivation, and counselling of retreatment patients and patients with advanced age are key to treatment success.
结核病对全球公共卫生构成巨大威胁，主要影响处于生产年龄的人群，尽管如此，每个人都易感染结核病（TB）。为评估结核病控制项目活动的有效性和绩效，治疗成功结局的病例百分比是关键。为控制结核病，通过有效治疗阻断传播再怎么强调都不为过。本研究旨在确定2007年至2017年阿特维马恩瓦比亚贾区与结核病治疗结局相关的因素。
2007年1月至2017年12月，在阿特维马恩瓦比亚贾区的五个直接观察短程治疗（DOTS）中心对常规/标准结核病登记册进行回顾性审查。评估人口统计学特征、临床特征和治疗结局。进行二元和多因素逻辑回归以确定治疗成功结局的预测因素。
在该地区评估的891例结核病患者数据中，治疗成功率为68.46%。年龄≤20岁（调整优势比（aOR）=4.74，95%置信区间（CI）=1.75 - 12.83）和51 - 60岁（aOR = 1.94，95%CI = 1.12 - 3.39）的患者，治疗前体重为35 - 45千克（aOR = 2.54，95%CI = 1.32 - 4.87）、46 - 55千克（aOR = 2.75，95%CI = 1.44 - 5.27）和56 - 65千克（aOR = 3.04，95%CI = 1.50 - 6.14）与治疗成功相关。然而，复治患者（aOR = 0.31，95%CI = 0.11 - 0.84）治疗结局不成功。
结核病患者的治疗成功结局分别比全国平均治疗成功率和世界卫生组织目标低约20.00%和30.00%。对复治患者和老年患者进行积极监测、激励和咨询是治疗成功的关键。
