Crosby Lee, Davis Brenda, Joshi Shivam, Jardine Meghan, Paul Jennifer, Neola Maggie, Barnard Neal D
Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, United States.
Brenda Davis Nutrition Consulting, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
Front Nutr. 2021 Jul 16;8:702802. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.702802. eCollection 2021.
Very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets have been long been used to reduce seizure frequency and more recently have been promoted for a variety of health conditions, including obesity, diabetes, and liver disease. Ketogenic diets may provide short-term improvement and aid in symptom management for some chronic diseases. Such diets affect diet quality, typically increasing intake of foods linked to chronic disease risk and decreasing intake of foods found to be protective in epidemiological studies. This review examines the effects of ketogenic diets on common chronic diseases, as well as their impact on diet quality and possible risks associated with their use. Given often-temporary improvements, unfavorable effects on dietary intake, and inadequate data demonstrating long-term safety, for most individuals, the risks of ketogenic diets may outweigh the benefits.
极低碳水化合物生酮饮食长期以来一直被用于降低癫痫发作频率，最近还被推广用于多种健康状况，包括肥胖症、糖尿病和肝病。生酮饮食可能会在短期内改善某些慢性疾病并有助于症状管理。这类饮食会影响饮食质量，通常会增加与慢性病风险相关的食物摄入量，减少在流行病学研究中发现具有保护作用的食物摄入量。本综述探讨了生酮饮食对常见慢性病的影响，以及它们对饮食质量的影响和使用生酮饮食可能存在的风险。鉴于生酮饮食带来的改善往往是暂时的，对饮食摄入有不利影响，且缺乏证明长期安全性的充分数据，对大多数人来说，生酮饮食的风险可能超过益处。
