Tarekegn Zewdu Seyoum, Tigabu Yeshifana, Dejene Haileyesus
Department of Paraclinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2021 Jul 13;14:e00219. doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2021.e00219. eCollection 2021 Aug.
is an intracellular coccidian parasite causing gastrointestinal disturbances resulting in diarrhoea in humans and animals. It is more frequently detected in calves and early childhood, and one of the major causes of mortality in low-income countries. National estimates of infection rate in cattle and humans are lacking in Ethiopia. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the prevalence and assess the risk factors of infection in cattle and humans over 20 years. Article searches were made using PubMed, HINARI, Research Gates, AJOLs and Google Scholar databases. Studies that met the inclusion criteria under the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist were used. Random effects models and Inverse Variance Index were used to calculate the pooled prevalence of cryptosporidiosis and heterogeneity among studies, respectively. A total of 23 eligible studies published between 2000 and 2020 were selected for this study. The estimated pooled prevalence of cryptosporidiosis was found to be 16.2% and 11% in cattle and humans, respectively. Ten species were documented with cattle and human-based studies. , , and were the reported species in cattle. Similarly, in humans, seven types of species (such as , , , , , and ) were recorded. and were the dominant and responsible species for human illness. Using gp60 gene locus analysis, various zoonotic subgenotypes were determined in humans; but it was limited in anthroponotic . In conclusion, the overall prevalence of infection in cattle and humans was high and linked with several risk factors. Thus, there is a need for further epidemiological and genetic diversity studies, and awareness of creations on the disease to provide strategies that mitigate the disease in cattle and humans.
是一种细胞内球虫寄生虫，可引起胃肠道紊乱，导致人和动物腹泻。它在犊牛和幼儿中更常见，是低收入国家主要的死亡原因之一。埃塞俄比亚缺乏全国范围内对牛和人类感染率的估计。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析估计了20年来牛和人类感染的患病率，并评估了感染危险因素。使用PubMed、HINARI、Research Gates、AJOLs和谷歌学术数据库进行文献检索。采用符合系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）清单纳入标准的研究。分别使用随机效应模型和逆方差指数计算隐孢子虫病的合并患病率和研究间的异质性。本研究共选择了2000年至2020年发表的23项符合条件的研究。结果发现，牛和人类隐孢子虫病的估计合并患病率分别为16.2%和11%。基于牛和人类的研究记录了10种隐孢子虫。牛中报告的物种有、、和。同样，在人类中，记录了7种隐孢子虫物种（如、、、、、和）。和是导致人类疾病的主要和致病物种。通过gp60基因位点分析，在人类中确定了各种人畜共患隐孢子虫亚基因型；但在人源隐孢子虫中有限。总之，牛和人类隐孢子虫感染的总体患病率较高，并与多种危险因素有关。因此，需要进一步开展流行病学和遗传多样性研究，并提高对该疾病的认识，以提供减轻牛和人类疾病的策略。
