Integrative Nurse Coach Academy, International Nurse Coach Association, Miami Beach, FL, USA.
School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
J Holist Nurs. 2022 Jun;40(2):193-202. doi: 10.1177/08980101211031706. Epub 2021 Aug 2.
This article describes a holistic revisioning of symptom theory for nursing practice. The Holistic Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms (HTOUS), informed by the Science of Unitary Human Beings, describes the complexity of symptom experience and how nursing actions can be associated with its transformation. Existing theories of unpleasant symptoms which broadly describe the antecedents, characteristics, and consequences of symptoms, have been reconceptualized from holistic and integral perspectives. Applying integral concepts such as human energy field and pattern manifestation expands understanding of both symptom experience and the nurse's response to it. Spirituality is an addition to symptom theory, being seen as a characteristic of Human Energy Field pattern manifestations. The theory's major concepts are symptom experience manifestations and wellbecoming manifestations. Concepts of the sustaining presence of the nurse and voluntary mutual patterning are explored. Pain, nausea, dyspnea, anxiety, despair, and other symptoms are discussed. Because HTOUS is acausal and nonlinear, it is widely applicable to creative, theory-directed nursing practice and research. Recommendations are made for practice, research, and further theory development.
本文描述了一种整体的护理实践症状理论的重新构想。以整体人为科学为基础的不舒适症状整体理论（HTOUS）描述了症状体验的复杂性以及护理行为如何与其转化相关联。现有的不舒适症状理论广泛描述了症状的前因、特征和后果，这些理论从整体和整体的角度被重新概念化。应用整体概念，如人体能量场和模式表现，扩展了对症状体验和护士对其反应的理解。灵性是症状理论的一个补充，被视为人体能量场模式表现的一个特征。该理论的主要概念是症状体验表现和良好表现。护士的持续存在和自愿相互模式的概念得到了探讨。疼痛、恶心、呼吸困难、焦虑、绝望和其他症状也进行了讨论。由于 HTOUS 是因果关系和非线性的，它广泛适用于创造性的、以理论为导向的护理实践和研究。为实践、研究和进一步的理论发展提出了建议。
