Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Rev Med Virol. 2022 Mar;32(2):e2282. doi: 10.1002/rmv.2282. Epub 2021 Aug 2.
To date, seven human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have been detected: HCoV-NL63, HCoV-229E, HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-OC43, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and SARS-CoV-2. Four of these viruses, including HCoV-NL63, -229E, -HKU1 and -OC43, usually cause mild-to-moderate respiratory diseases with a seasonal pattern. Since 2000, three new HCoVs have emerged with a significant mortality rate. Although SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV caused an epidemic in some countries, SARS-CoV-2 escalated into a pandemic. All HCoVs can cause severe complications in the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. The bat origin of HCoVs, the presence of intermediate hosts and the nature of their viral replication suggest that other new coronaviruses may emerge in the future. Despite the fact that all HCoVs share similarities in viral replication, they differ in their accessory proteins, incubation period and pathogenicity. This study aims to review these differences between the seven HCoVs.
迄今为止，已发现七种人类冠状病毒（HCoV）：HCoV-NL63、HCoV-229E、HCoV-HKU1、HCoV-OC43、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）和 SARS-CoV-2。其中四种病毒，包括 HCoV-NL63、-229E、-HKU1 和 -OC43，通常引起具有季节性模式的轻度至中度呼吸道疾病。自 2000 年以来，三种新的 HCoV 出现，死亡率很高。尽管 SARS-CoV 和 MERS-CoV 在一些国家引起了流行，但 SARS-CoV-2 已升级为大流行。所有 HCoV 均可在老年人和免疫功能低下者中引起严重并发症。HCoV 的蝙蝠起源、中间宿主的存在以及它们的病毒复制性质表明，未来可能会出现其他新的冠状病毒。尽管所有 HCoV 在病毒复制方面具有相似性，但它们在辅助蛋白、潜伏期和致病性方面存在差异。本研究旨在综述这七种 HCoV 之间的这些差异。
