Lang J, Nachbaur S, Fischer K, Vogel E
Anatomisches Institut, Universität Würzburg, Bundesrepublik Deurtschland.
Acta Anat (Basel). 1987;130(4):309-18.
Length, diameter and anastomoses of the nervus vagus and its ganglion inferius were measured 44 halved heads. On the average, 8.65 fiber bundles of the vagus nerve leave the retro-olivary area. In the area of the jugular foramen is the near superior ganglion of the 10th cranial nerve. In this area were found 1.48 (mean value) anastomoses with the 9th cranial nerve. 11.34 mm below the margo terminalis sigmoidea branches off the ramus internus of the accessory nerve which has a length of 9.75 mm. Further anastomoses with the 10th cranial nerve were found. The inferior ganglion of the 10th nerve had a length of 25.47 mm and a diameter of 3.46 mm. Five mm below the ganglion the 10th nerve had a width of 2.9 and a thickness of 1.5 mm. The mean length of the superior sympathetic ganglion was 26.6 mm, its width 7.2 and its thickness 3.4 mm. In nearly all specimens anastomoses of the superior sympathetic ganglion with the ansa cervicalis profunda and the inferior ganglion of the 10th cranial nerve were found. The superior laryngeal nerve branches off about 36 mm below the margo terminalis sigmoidea. The width of this nerve was 1.9 mm, its thickness 0.8 mm on the right and 1.0 mm on the left side. The division in the internal and external rami was found about 21 mm below its origin. Between the n. vagus and thyreohyoid membrane the ramus internus had a length of 64 mm, the length of external ramus between the vagal nerve and the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle was 89 mm. Its mean length below the thyreopharyngeal part was 10.7 mm, 8.6 branchlets to the cricothyroid muscle were counted. The superior laryngeal artery had its origin in 80% of cases in the superior thyroideal artery, in 6.8% this vessel was a branch of the external carotid artery. Its average outer diameter was 1.23 mm on the right side and 1.39 mm on the left. The length of this vessel between its origin and the thyreohyoid membrane was 34 mm. In 7% on the right side and in 13% on the left, the superior laryngeal artery reached the larynx through a foramen thyreoideum. Ranges of diameters and lengths of vessels and nerves in the larynx are given.
对44个半侧头部的迷走神经及其下神经节的长度、直径和吻合情况进行了测量。平均而言，8.65束迷走神经纤维束离开橄榄后区。在颈静脉孔区域是第10对脑神经的近上神经节。在该区域发现与第9对脑神经有1.48（平均值）处吻合。副神经内支在乙状结肠终缘下方11.34毫米处发出，其长度为9.75毫米。还发现了与第10对脑神经的进一步吻合。第10对神经的下神经节长度为25.47毫米，直径为3.46毫米。在神经节下方5毫米处，第10对神经的宽度为2.9毫米，厚度为1.5毫米。交感神经上神经节的平均长度为26.6毫米，宽度为7.2毫米，厚度为3.4毫米。在几乎所有标本中都发现交感神经上神经节与颈深袢和第10对脑神经的下神经节有吻合。喉上神经在乙状结肠终缘下方约36毫米处发出。该神经的宽度为1.9毫米，右侧厚度为0.8毫米，左侧厚度为1.0毫米。在内支和外支的分叉处位于其起始点下方约21毫米处。在迷走神经和甲状舌骨膜之间，内支长度为64毫米，迷走神经与咽下缩肌之间的外支长度为89毫米。其在甲状腺咽部分下方的平均长度为10.7毫米，计数到有8.6个分支至环甲肌。80%的病例中喉上动脉起源于甲状腺上动脉，6.8%该血管是颈外动脉的分支。其右侧平均外径为1.23毫米，左侧为1.
