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益生菌对鱼类(硬骨鱼和贝类)消化酶的影响;现状与展望:一篇小型综述。

Effects of probiotics on digestive enzymes of fish (finfish and shellfish); status and prospects: a mini review.

机构信息

Guangdong Research Centre on Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Biology and Epidemiology for Aquatic Economic Animals, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.

University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, Na Sádkách 1780, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.

出版信息

Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2022 Jan;257:110653. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110653. Epub 2021 Jul 31.


DOI:10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110653
PMID:34343669
Abstract

Digestive enzymes are found in the digestive tract of animals which assist in the breakdown of larger food molecules into more easily absorbed particles that can then be used by the body. The ability of fish to break down a diet is highly dependent on the availability of suitable digestive enzymes which mediate specific degradation pathways and on both the physical and chemical nature of food. Probiotics are known to produce helpful enzymes that aid in digestion and protect the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of animals. When applied appropriately, probiotics improve intestinal microbial balance which also improves digestive enzyme activities, food absorption, and decrease pathogenic issues in the GIT. They work hand-in-hand with the digestive enzymes in the GIT of animals as supplements thereby improvings nutrition. This in turn leads to higher feed efficiency and growth as well as the prevention of antinutritional factors present in the ingredients, intestinal disorders, and pre-digestion. This review seeks to present summaries of the results of research findings on the application of probiotics on the activities of digestive enzymes including amylase, lipase, and protease. Further, this review points out gaps in available literature and suggests ideas that could be explored in further investigations to better understand and enhance the activities of these digestive enzymes to increase feed and nutrient utilization and the production of aquaculture species.

摘要

消化酶存在于动物的消化道中,有助于将较大的食物分子分解成更易被吸收的颗粒,然后被身体利用。鱼类分解饮食的能力高度依赖于可用的合适消化酶,这些酶介导特定的降解途径,以及食物的物理和化学性质。益生菌被认为能产生有助于消化的有益酶,保护动物的胃肠道 (GIT)。当适当地应用时,益生菌能改善肠道微生物平衡,从而提高消化酶活性、食物吸收,并减少 GIT 中的致病问题。它们与动物 GIT 中的消化酶一起作为补充剂,从而改善营养。这反过来又导致更高的饲料效率和生长,以及预防饲料成分中的抗营养因子、肠道紊乱和预消化。本综述旨在总结益生菌对淀粉酶、脂肪酶和蛋白酶等消化酶活性应用的研究结果。此外,本综述还指出了现有文献中的空白,并提出了一些可以在进一步研究中探索的想法,以更好地理解和增强这些消化酶的活性,从而提高饲料和养分的利用率,以及水产养殖物种的产量。

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