Yun Ahyeong, Oh Hwa Yong, Lee Tae Hoon, Kang Da Ye, Kim Ki-Tae, Kim Hyun-Soo, Kim Hee Sung
Ocean Science and Technology School, National Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea.
Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of Korea.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Jun 17;14(6):745. doi: 10.3390/antiox14060745.
This study evaluated the antibacterial activity and residual functional compounds of blood orange ( L. Osbeck) juice by-product extract (BJBE). The effects of dietary BJBE on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, immune parameters, and disease resistance against were examined in juvenile black rockfish (). In total, 630 juvenile rockfish were randomly assigned to 21 rectangular tanks (50 L) for a feeding trial, with 30 fish per tank in triplicate. Seven isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets were formulated with BJBE at 0 (control, BJBE0), 0.1 (BJBE0.1), 0.2 (BJBE0.2), 0.3 (BJBE0.3), 0.5 (BJBE0.5), 0.7 (BJBE0.7), and 1.0 (BJBE1) g kg. A disk diffusion assay confirmed BJBE's strong antibacterial efficacy against . . After an 8-week feeding trial, fish fed BJBE0.7 and BJBE1 exhibited significantly a greater final weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate compared with those fed BJBE0. Feed efficiency was significantly higher in fish fed BJBE0.7 than in those fed BJBE0. The protein efficiency ratio was significantly higher in fish fed BJBE0.3, BJBE0.5, BJBE0.7, and BJBE1 relative to those fed BJBE0. Intestinal amylase activity was significantly higher in fish fed BJBE0.7 and BJBE1 compared with those fed BJBE0, and trypsin activity was significantly higher in BJBE0.7-fed fish than in BJBE0-fed fish. In comparison to the BJBE0 diet, the plasma superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione levels of fish fed BJBE0.7 and BJBE1 diets were significantly higher. Lysozyme activity and immunoglobulin M level in fish fed BJBE0.7 and BJBE1 were significantly higher than that in fish fed BJBE0. After a challenge with . , disease resistance was significantly higher in fish fed BJBE0.5, BJBE0.7, and BJBE1 compared with those fed BJBE0. Overall, 0.7-1.0 g kg is proposed as the optimal dietary BJBE inclusion level for enhancing growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, immune parameters, and disease resistance against . infection in juvenile black rockfish.
本研究评估了血橙汁副产物提取物（BJBE）的抗菌活性和残留功能化合物。在黑鲪幼鱼中检测了日粮BJBE对生长性能、消化酶活性、抗氧化状态、免疫参数以及抗[具体病原体未给出]疾病抵抗力的影响。总共630尾黑鲪幼鱼被随机分配到21个长方形水箱（50升）中进行投喂试验，每个水箱30尾鱼，重复三次。用BJBE以0（对照，BJBE0）、0.1（BJBE0.1）、0.2（BJBE0.2）、0.3（BJBE0.3）、0.5（BJBE0.5）、0.7（BJBE0.7）和1.0（BJBE1）克/千克的添加量配制了七种等氮和等脂的实验日粮。纸片扩散法证实BJBE对[具体病原体未给出]具有很强的抗菌效果。经过8周的投喂试验，与投喂BJBE0的鱼相比，投喂BJBE0.7和BJBE1的鱼最终体重、增重和特定生长率显著更高。投喂BJBE0.7的鱼的饲料效率显著高于投喂BJBE0的鱼。相对于投喂BJBE0的鱼，投喂BJBE0.3、BJBE0.5、BJBE0.7和BJBE1的鱼的蛋白质效率显著更高。与投喂BJBE0的鱼相比，投喂BJBE0.7和BJBE1的鱼的肠道淀粉酶活性显著更高，且投喂BJBE0.7的鱼的胰蛋白酶活性显著高于投喂BJBE0的鱼。与BJBE0日粮相比，投喂BJBE0.7和BJBE1日粮的鱼的血浆超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽水平显著更高。投喂BJBE0.7和BJBE1的鱼的溶菌酶活性和免疫球蛋白M水平显著高于投喂BJBE0的鱼。在用[具体病原体未给出]攻毒后，与投喂BJBE0的鱼相比，投喂BJBE0.5、BJBE0.7和BJBE1的鱼的抗病力显著更高。总体而言，建议将0.7 - 1.0克/千克作为日粮中BJBE的最佳添加水平，以提高黑鲪幼鱼的生长性能、消化酶活性、抗氧化状态、免疫参数以及抗[具体病原体未给出]感染的疾病抵抗力。
