Fall C C
Montgomery Developmental Training Center, Waterford, Michigan 48095.
Am J Occup Ther. 1987 Aug;41(8):500-4. doi: 10.5014/ajot.41.8.500.
The purpose of this study was to explore ways of testing three-dimensional constructional praxis in the independently living well elderly. The testing instruments used were adaptations of the block construction portion of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, the block construction portion of the Hemiplegic Evaluation, and the Three-Dimensional Constructional Praxis Test. For each instrument, three types of test administration were developed: models, photographs, and drawings of block constructions. Twenty-four subjects, all more than 70 years old, were tested individually with the 3 three-dimensional constructional praxis tests on the three types of test administration. The effect of order was controlled by counterbalancing. For all three tests, administration with models resulted in the highest performance scores. Although no difference in scores existed between photographs and drawings on the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination and the Three-Dimensional Constructional Praxis Test, performance scores for photographs were significantly greater than scores for drawings on the Hemiplegic Evaluation. Since constructional praxis ability is an important component of many activities of daily living, the findings have strong implications for testing and for teaching new skills to both the well elderly and those disabled by neurological disorders.
本研究的目的是探索对独立生活的健康老年人进行三维构建实践测试的方法。所使用的测试工具是对波士顿诊断性失语症检查中的积木构建部分、偏瘫评估中的积木构建部分以及三维构建实践测试进行改编而来。对于每种工具，开发了三种测试施测方式：积木构建的模型、照片和图纸。24名年龄均超过70岁的受试者，分别使用这三种三维构建实践测试，针对三种测试施测方式进行了单独测试。通过平衡法控制测试顺序的影响。对于所有三项测试，使用模型施测的成绩最高。虽然在波士顿诊断性失语症检查和三维构建实践测试中，照片和图纸的得分没有差异，但在偏瘫评估中，照片的成绩得分显著高于图纸。由于构建实践能力是许多日常生活活动的重要组成部分，这些研究结果对测试以及向健康老年人和因神经疾病而残疾的人传授新技能具有重要意义。
