Kim Mi-Young, Choi Sang-Woon
Chaum Life Center, CHA University, Seoul 06062, Korea.
Digestive Disease Center, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam 13497, Korea.
Nutr Res Pract. 2021 Aug;15(4):411-430. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2021.15.4.411. Epub 2021 May 26.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a frequently diagnosed gastrointestinal (GI) disorder characterized by recurrent abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in the stool form or frequency without any structural changes and overt inflammation. It is not a life-threatening condition but causes a considerable level of discomfort and distress. Among the many pathophysiologic factors, such as altered GI motility, visceral hypersensitivity, and low-grade mucosal inflammation, as well as other immunologic, psychologic, and genetic factors, gut microbiota imbalance (dysbiosis), which is frequently found in IBS, has been highlighted as an etiology of IBS. Dysbiosis may affect gut mucosal homeostasis, immune function, metabolic regulation, and even visceral motor function. As diet is shown to play a fundamental role in the gut microbiota profile, this review discusses the influence of diet on IBS occurring through the modulation of gut microbiota. Based on previous studies, it appears that dietary modulation of the gut microbiota may be effective for the alleviation of IBS symptoms and, also an effective IBS management strategy based on the underlying mechanism; especially because, IBS currently has no specific treatment owing to its uncertain etiology.
肠易激综合征（IBS）是一种常被诊断出的胃肠道疾病，其特征为反复出现腹痛、腹胀以及大便形态或频率改变，且无任何结构变化和明显炎症。它并非危及生命的病症，但会引起相当程度的不适和痛苦。在诸多病理生理因素中，如胃肠动力改变、内脏高敏感性、低度黏膜炎症以及其他免疫、心理和遗传因素，肠道微生物群失衡（生态失调）在肠易激综合征中经常出现，已被视为肠易激综合征的一个病因。生态失调可能会影响肠道黏膜稳态、免疫功能、代谢调节，甚至内脏运动功能。由于饮食对肠道微生物群组成起着根本性作用，本综述探讨饮食通过调节肠道微生物群对肠易激综合征发病的影响。基于以往研究，肠道微生物群的饮食调节似乎对缓解肠易激综合征症状有效，并且基于潜在机制也是一种有效的肠易激综合征管理策略；特别是因为，由于病因不明，肠易激综合征目前尚无特效治疗方法。
