Nieto-Quero Andrea, Chaves-Peña Patricia, Santín Luis J, Pérez-Martín Margarita, Pedraza Carmen
Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en las CC, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29071, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.
Neurobiol Stress. 2021 Jun 18;15:100356. doi: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100356. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Stress may have a negative effect on mental health and is the primary environmental risk factor in the aetiology of depression. Nevertheless, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this mood disorder remain poorly characterized. The hippocampus is a target structure of the adverse effects of stress, and hippocampal neurogenesis plays a crucial role. However, we do not know the mechanisms by which stress impacts neurogenesis. Recent studies indicate that changes in neuroinflammation, primarily via microglial cells, may play an essential role in this process. However, the relationship between stress, microglial changes, and alterations in neurogenesis and their involvement in the development of depression is poorly characterized. For this reason, this systematic review aims to synthesise and evaluate current studies that have investigated the relationship between these variables. Taken together, the revised data, although not entirely conclusive, seem to suggest that microglial changes induced by psychological stress regulate neurogenesis and in turn may be responsible for the development of depressive-like behaviours, but other factors that influence these stressful experiences should not be dismissed.
压力可能会对心理健康产生负面影响，并且是抑郁症病因中的主要环境风险因素。然而，这种情绪障碍背后的神经生物学机制仍未得到充分描述。海马体是压力负面影响的目标结构，海马体神经发生起着至关重要的作用。然而，我们尚不清楚压力影响神经发生的机制。最近的研究表明，主要通过小胶质细胞发生的神经炎症变化可能在此过程中起重要作用。然而，压力、小胶质细胞变化与神经发生改变之间的关系以及它们在抑郁症发展中的作用仍未得到充分描述。因此，本系统综述旨在综合和评估当前研究这些变量之间关系的研究。综合来看，修订后的数据虽然不完全具有决定性，但似乎表明心理压力诱导的小胶质细胞变化调节神经发生，进而可能导致类似抑郁行为的发展，但影响这些应激经历的其他因素也不应被忽视。
