Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil.
UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France.
Pharmacol Ther. 2020 Jun;210:107515. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107515. Epub 2020 Feb 25.
The neurogenic hypothesis of depression states that adult hippocampal neurogenesis is disrupted by stress and depression and is recovered by chronic treatments with antidepressants. Indeed, chronic antidepressant treatments increased newborn neurons in the adult dentate gyrus in many early studies. However, conflicting findings appeared over time. Thus, our motivation to write this unbiased systematic review and meta-analysis was to answer the following question: can antidepressants reliably promote neurogenesis in adult hippocampus? A meta-analysis was performed on studies in naive rodents. Results indicated that increased neurogenesis is a more nuanced, compound-dependent action of antidepressants than a yes-or-no event. This nuanced notion can lead to a new understanding of the concepts of neurogenic-dependent and neurogenic-independent effects of antidepressants, which would be better described as effects "more-dependent" or "less-dependent" on hippocampal neurogenesis. Further studies are on the way to investigate the strength of the causal relationship between adult hippocampal neurogenesis and behavioural effects of antidepressants.
抑郁症的神经发生假说指出，成年海马神经发生会被压力和抑郁破坏，并可通过慢性抗抑郁治疗得到恢复。事实上，在许多早期研究中，慢性抗抑郁治疗增加了成年齿状回中的新生神经元。然而，随着时间的推移，出现了相互矛盾的发现。因此，我们撰写本项客观系统综述和荟萃分析的动机是为了回答以下问题：抗抑郁药能否可靠地促进成年海马体中的神经发生？对未接受治疗的啮齿动物的研究进行了荟萃分析。结果表明，增加神经发生是抗抑郁药的一种更为复杂的、依赖于化合物的作用，而不是一个非此即彼的事件。这种复杂的概念可以导致对抗抑郁药的神经发生依赖性和非依赖性作用的新概念的理解，这些作用被更好地描述为对海马神经发生的“更依赖”或“不那么依赖”的作用。进一步的研究正在进行中，以调查成年海马神经发生与抗抑郁药行为效应之间的因果关系的强度。
