埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉州卢马梅初级医院高血压患者血脂异常的患病率及预测因素：一项横断面研究
Prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients in Lumame Primary Hospital, Amhara, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Kifle Zemene Demelash, Alehegn Agumas Alemu, Adugna Meaza, Bayleyegn Biruk
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, Lumame Primary Hospital, Lumame, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Metabol Open. 2021 Jul 17;11:100108. doi: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100108. eCollection 2021 Sep.
BACKGROUND
Serum lipid profile abnormalities are major predictors for coronary artery diseases. The relationship between demographic factors and dyslipidemia in Ethiopia is not completely explored. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients in Lumame Primary Hospital.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to August 30, 2020, on the hypertensive patients in Lumame Primary Hospital. All adult hypertensive patients who visited the adult hypertensive care services during the study period were included. Interview-guided self-administered questionnaire and a chart review were used for data collection. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 24.0 was used for data analysis.
RESULTS
Out of 372 hypertensive patients, 190(51.1%) were females and the mean age of the study participants was 43.56 years (SD ± 4.31). The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia in this study was 48.4%. Besides the overall prevalence, the prevalence of TC, TG, LDL-c, and HDL-c was 73(19.6%), 91(24.5%), 60(16.1%), and 115(30.9%), respectively. Females were at higher risk for having high levels of TC (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.54-3.13), TG (AOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.34-3.79), LDL-c (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.56-2.86), and HDL-c (AOR = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.44-5.67) than males. Respondents who were from urban were at higher risk for having high levels of TC (AOR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.04-6.83), TG (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.09-2.86), LDL-c (AOR = 3.01, 95% CI = 1.45-7.43), and HDL-c (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.94-4.55) than respondents who were from rural. Similarly, obese respondents were at higher risk for having high levels of TC (AOR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.64-2.00), TG (AOR = 3.78, 95% CI = 1.06-6.42), LDL-c (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.66-2.12), and HDL-c (AOR = 4.23, 95% CI = 2.84-4.32) than to respondents who were underweight.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of dyslipidemia among hypertensive patients was high. Independent variables such as age, gender, residence, family history of HTN, smoking, alcohol drinking, fruit diet habits, physical activity, DM, and BMI were significant determinants of dyslipidemia.
背景
血清脂质谱异常是冠状动脉疾病的主要预测指标。埃塞俄比亚人口统计学因素与血脂异常之间的关系尚未得到充分研究。因此，本研究旨在评估卢马梅初级医院高血压患者血脂异常的患病率及预测因素。
方法
于2020年6月至8月30日对卢马梅初级医院的高血压患者进行了一项横断面研究。纳入了在研究期间就诊于成人高血压护理服务的所有成年高血压患者。采用访谈引导的自填问卷和病历审查进行数据收集。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）24.0版进行数据分析。
结果
在372例高血压患者中，190例（51.1%）为女性，研究参与者的平均年龄为43.56岁（标准差±4.31）。本研究中血脂异常的总体患病率为48.4%。除总体患病率外，总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）的患病率分别为73例（19.6%）、91例（24.5%）、60例（16.1%）和115例（30.9%）。女性患高TC水平（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.31，95%置信区间[CI]=1.54 - 3.13）、高TG水平（AOR = 1.70，95% CI = 1.34 - 3.79）、高LDL-c水平（AOR = 2.15，95% CI = 1.56 - 2.86）和低HDL-c水平（AOR = 2.67，95% CI = 1.44 - 5.67）的风险高于男性。来自城市的受访者患高TC水平（AOR = 1.98，95% CI = 1.04 - 6.83）、高TG水平（AOR = 1.78，95% CI = 1.09 - 2.86）、高LDL-c水平（AOR = 3.01，95% CI = 1.45 - 7.43）和低HDL-c水平（AOR = 2.01，95% CI = 1.94 - 4.55）的风险高于来自农村的受访者。同样，肥胖受访者患高TC水平（AOR = 自填问卷和病历审查进行数据收集。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）24.0版进行数据分析。
结果
在372例高血压患者中，190例（51.1%）为女性，研究参与者的平均年龄为43.56岁（标准差±4.31）。本研究中血脂异常的总体患病率为48.4%。除总体患病率外，总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）的患病率分别为73例（19.6%）、91例（24.5%）、60例（16.1%）和115例（30.9%）。女性患高TC水平（调整后比值比[AOR]=2.31，95%置信区间[CI]=1.54 - 3.13）、高TG水平（AOR = 1.70，95% CI = 1.34 - 3.79）、高LDL-c水平（AOR = 2.15，95% CI = 1.56 - 2.86）和低HDL-c水平（AOR = 2.
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