Vallières Annie, Mérette Chantal, Pappathomas Alric, Roy Monica, Bastien Célyne H
École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
Centre de Recherche CERVO, Québec, QC G1E 1T2, Canada.
Brain Sci. 2021 Jul 14;11(7):928. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11070928.
To better understand Shift Work Disorder (SWD), this study investigates insomnia, sleepiness, and psychosocial features of night workers. The study compares night workers with or without SWD to day workers with or without insomnia. Seventy-nine night workers and 40 day workers underwent diagnostic interviews for sleep disorders and for psychopathologies. They completed questionnaires and a sleep diary for 14 days. The design was observatory upon two factors: Work schedule (night, day work) and sleep (good sleep, SWD/insomnia). Two-way ANCOVAs were conducted on psychosocial variables, and effect size were calculated. The clinical approach chosen led to distinct groups of workers. Night workers slept several periods (main sleep period after work, naps, nights on days off). High total wake time and low total sleep time characterized sleep in SWD. Most night workers with SWD still complained of sleepiness after main sleep. Cognitive activation distinguished groups of night workers. All other differences in psychosocial variables between night workers groups were similar to, but smaller than, the ones between day workers. The evaluation of SWD should consider all sleep periods of night workers with particular attention to self-reported total wake time, state sleepiness, and level of cognitive activation.
为了更好地理解轮班工作障碍（SWD），本研究调查了夜班工作者的失眠、嗜睡及社会心理特征。该研究将有或没有SWD的夜班工作者与有或没有失眠的日班工作者进行了比较。79名夜班工作者和40名日班工作者接受了睡眠障碍和精神病理学的诊断访谈。他们完成了问卷调查及一份为期14天的睡眠日记。研究设计基于两个因素：工作时间表（夜班、日班）和睡眠情况（良好睡眠、SWD/失眠）。对社会心理变量进行了双向协方差分析，并计算了效应量。所采用的临床方法产生了不同的工作者群体。夜班工作者有几个睡眠时段（下班后的主要睡眠时间、小憩、休息日的夜晚）。SWD患者的睡眠特征为总觉醒时间长和总睡眠时间短。大多数患有SWD的夜班工作者在主要睡眠后仍抱怨嗜睡。认知激活区分了夜班工作者群体。夜班工作者群体之间社会心理变量的所有其他差异与日班工作者之间的差异相似，但程度较小。对SWD的评估应考虑夜班工作者的所有睡眠时段，尤其要关注自我报告的总觉醒时间、状态嗜睡及认知激活水平。
