Giri Shobha, Kudva Vaishnavi, Shetty Kalidas, Shetty Veena
Department of Microbiology, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India.
Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Jul 13;10(7):850. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10070850.
As the global urban populations increase with rapid migration from rural areas, ready-to-eat (RTE) street foods are posing food safety challenges where street foods are prepared with less structured food safety guidelines in small and roadside outlets. The increased presence of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria in street foods is a significant risk for human health because of its epidemiological significance. and have become important and dangerous foodborne pathogens globally for their relevance to antibiotic resistance. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential burden of antibiotic-resistant and contaminating RTE street foods and to assess the microbiological quality of foods in a typical emerging and growing urban suburb of India where RTE street foods are rapidly establishing with public health implications. A total of 100 RTE food samples were collected of which, 22.88% were and 27.12% The prevalence of ESBL-producing and was 25.42%, isolated mostly from chutneys, salads, paani puri, and chicken. Antimicrobial resistance was observed towards cefepime (72.9%), imipenem (55.9%), cefotaxime (52.5%), and meropenem (16.9%) with 86.44% of the isolates with MAR index above 0.22. Among β-lactamase encoding genes, (40.68%) was the most prevalent followed by (32.20%) and (10.17%). gene was detected in 20.34% of the isolates. This study indicated that contaminated RTE street foods present health risks to consumers and there is a high potential of transferring multi-drug-resistant bacteria from foods to humans and from person to person as pathogens or as commensal residents of the human gut leading to challenges for subsequent therapeutic treatments.
随着全球城市人口因农村地区人口快速迁移而增加，即食（RTE）街头食品带来了食品安全挑战，因为在小型路边摊制作街头食品时，食品安全准则的执行较为松散。街头食品中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）细菌的增多对人类健康构成重大风险，因其具有流行病学意义。由于与抗生素耐药性相关，[细菌名称1]和[细菌名称2]已成为全球重要且危险的食源性病原体。本研究旨在评估印度一个典型的新兴且不断发展的城市郊区中，污染即食街头食品的耐药[细菌名称1]和[细菌名称2]的潜在负担，并评估食品的微生物质量，在该地区，即食街头食品迅速兴起，具有公共卫生影响。共收集了100份即食食品样本，其中[细菌名称1]占22.88%，[细菌名称2]占27.12%。产ESBL的[细菌名称1]和[细菌名称2]的流行率为25.42%，大多从酸辣酱、沙拉、帕尼普里（一种印度小吃）和鸡肉中分离出来。观察到对头孢吡肟（72.9%）、亚胺培南（55.9%）、头孢噻肟（52.5%）和美罗培南（16.9%）的抗菌耐药性，86.44%的分离株多重耐药指数高于0.22。在β-内酰胺酶编码基因中，[基因名称1]（40.68%）最为普遍，其次是[基因名称2]（32.20%）和[基因名称3]（10.17%）。[基因名称4]在20.34%的分离株中被检测到。本研究表明，受污染的即食街头食品对消费者构成健康风险，并且多药耐药细菌有很高的可能性从食品传播给人类，以及在人与人之间传播，无论是作为病原体还是作为人类肠道的共生菌，这给后续治疗带来了挑战。
