Salamandane Acácio, Malfeito-Ferreira Manuel, Brito Luísa
Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF) Research Centre, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
Foods. 2023 Oct 14;12(20):3774. doi: 10.3390/foods12203774.
The sale of ready-to-eat (RTE) street food represents an important source of income in many developing countries. However, these foods are frequently implicated in outbreaks of gastrointestinal diseases. Street food vendors face several constraints that hamper improvement in the microbiological quality of their products. The aim of this review was to update knowledge about the main causes of foodborne illnesses in developing countries, including the growing concern with the microbial transmission of antibiotic resistance. Following PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review was conducted on original articles published from January 2010 to July 2023. The search was carried out using Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Food Science and Technology Abstracts (FSTA), the International Information System for Agricultural Sciences and Technology (AGRIS), as well as isolated searches of relevant articles from Google Scholar. The initial search identified 915 articles, 50 of which were included in this systematic review. The results indicate that, in the majority of the 15 countries examined, women constitute the predominant segment of street food vendors, representing more than 55% of the total number of these vendors. In 11 countries, street food vendors under the age of 18 were identified. Most vendors had a low level of education and, consequently, were unaware of good hygiene practices when handling food. The combination of factors such as poor hygiene practices on the part of food handlers and the lack of facilities, namely, the absence of available potable water, were frequently listed as the main causes of food contamination. Enterobacteriaceae such as (61.9%), (30.1%), and spp. (9.5%), as well as (30.1%) and (14.3%), were the most common pathogens found in RTE street foods. In 22 studies from 13 developing countries, 59% (13/22) reported high multidrug resistance in Enterobacteriaceae (40% to 86.4% in , 16.7 to 70% in , and 31 to 76.4% in . To address the challenges faced by street vendors and improve their economic activities, it is necessary for government entities, consumers, and vendors to work together collaboratively.
即食街头食品的销售在许多发展中国家是一项重要的收入来源。然而，这些食品经常与胃肠道疾病的暴发有关。街头食品摊贩面临着一些限制因素，阻碍了其产品微生物质量的改善。本综述的目的是更新关于发展中国家食源性疾病主要原因的知识，包括对抗生素耐药性微生物传播的日益关注。遵循PRISMA指南，对2010年1月至2023年7月发表的原创文章进行了这项系统综述。检索使用了Scopus、PubMed、科学网、食品科学与技术文摘（FSTA）、国际农业科学与技术信息系统（AGRIS），以及从谷歌学术单独检索相关文章。初步检索确定了915篇文章，其中50篇纳入了本系统综述。结果表明，在所调查的15个国家中的大多数，女性构成了街头食品摊贩的主要群体，占这些摊贩总数的55%以上。在11个国家中，发现了18岁以下的街头食品摊贩。大多数摊贩教育水平较低，因此在处理食品时不了解良好的卫生习惯。食品处理人员卫生习惯差和缺乏设施（即没有可用的饮用水）等因素的综合作用，经常被列为食品污染的主要原因。肠杆菌科细菌如（61.9%）、（30.1%）和spp.（9.5%），以及（30.1%）和（14.3%），是在即食街头食品中发现的最常见病原体。在来自13个发展中国家的22项研究中，59%（13/22）报告肠杆菌科细菌具有高度多重耐药性（在中为40%至86.4%，在中为16.7%至70%，在中为31%至76.4%）。为应对街头摊贩面临的挑战并改善其经济活动，政府实体、消费者和摊贩有必要共同协作。
