Dellière Sarah, Dannaoui Eric, Fieux Maxime, Bonfils Pierre, Gricourt Guillaume, Demontant Vanessa, Podglajen Isabelle, Woerther Paul-Louis, Angebault Cécile, Botterel Françoise
Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Département de Prévention, Diagnostic et Traitement des Infections, APHP, GHU Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France.
Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Jul 10;7(7):550. doi: 10.3390/jof7070550.
Fungal ball (FB) rhinosinusitis (RS) is the main type of non-invasive fungal RS. Despite positive direct examination (DE) of biopsies, culture remains negative in more than 60% of cases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance/efficacy of targeted metagenomics (TM) to analyze microbiota and mycobiota in FB and find microbial associations. Forty-five sinus biopsies from patients who underwent surgery for chronic RS were included. After DE and culture, DNA was extracted, then fungal ITS1-ITS2 and bacterial V3-V4 16S rDNA loci were sequenced (MiSeq Illumina). Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were defined via QIIME and assigned to SILVA (16S) and UNITE (ITS) databases. Statistical analyses were performed using SHAMAN. Thirty-eight patients had FB and seven had non-fungal rhinosinusitis (NFRS). DE and culture of FB were positive for fungi in 97.3 and 31.6% of patients, respectively. TM analysis of the 38 FB yielded more than one fungal genus in 100% of cases, with in 89.5% (34/38). was over-represented in FB with >1000 reads/sample in 47.3% (18/38) compared to NFRS ( < 0.001). TM allowed fungal identification in biopsies with negative culture. was associated with FB. Pathogenesis could result from fungi-bacteria interactions in a mixed biofilm-like structure.
真菌球（FB）性鼻-鼻窦炎（RS）是主要的非侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎类型。尽管活检的直接检查（DE）结果为阳性，但超过60%的病例培养结果仍为阴性。本研究的目的是评估靶向宏基因组学（TM）分析FB中微生物群和真菌群并发现微生物关联的性能/功效。纳入了45例因慢性鼻-鼻窦炎接受手术的患者的鼻窦活检样本。在进行DE和培养后，提取DNA，然后对真菌ITS1-ITS2和细菌V3-V4 16S rDNA基因座进行测序（Illumina MiSeq）。通过QIIME定义操作分类单元（OTU），并将其指定到SILVA（16S）和UNITE（ITS）数据库。使用SHAMAN进行统计分析。38例患者患有FB，7例患有非真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎（NFRS）。FB的DE和培养真菌阳性率分别为97.3%和31.6%。对38例FB进行TM分析，100%的病例产生了不止一种真菌属，其中89.5%（34/38）为[具体真菌名称未给出]。与NFRS相比，[具体真菌名称未给出]在FB中过度富集，47.3%（18/38）的样本读数>1000/样本（P<0.001）。TM能够在培养阴性的活检样本中鉴定出真菌。[具体真菌名称未给出]与FB相关。发病机制可能源于混合生物膜样结构中的真菌-细菌相互作用。
