Chávez-Galarza Julio, López-Montañez Ruth, Jiménez Alejandra, Ferro-Mauricio Rubén, Oré Juan, Medina Sergio, Rea Reyna, Vásquez Héctor
Dirección de Desarrollo Tecnológico Agrario, Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria, Av. La Molina 1981, Lima 15024, Peru.
Insects. 2021 Jul 14;12(7):641. doi: 10.3390/insects12070641.
Mitochondrial DNA variations of Peruvian honey bee populations were surveyed by using the tRNA-cox2 intergenic region. Only two studies have characterized these populations, indicating the presence of Africanized honey bee colonies in different regions of Peru and varied levels of Africanization, but the current status of its genetic diversity is unknown. A total of 512 honey bee colonies were sampled from three regions to characterize them. Our results revealed the presence of European and African haplotypes: the African haplotypes identified belong to sub-lineage A (13) and sub-lineage A (03), and the European haplotypes to lineages C (06) and M (02). Of 24 haplotypes identified, 15 new sequences are reported here (11 sub-lineage A, 2 sub-lineage A, and 2 lineage M). Peruvian honey bee populations presented a higher proportion from African than European haplotypes. High proportions of African haplotype were reported for Piura and Junín, unlike Lima, which showed more European haplotypes from lineage C. Few colonies belonging to lineage M would represent accidental purchase or traces of the introduction into Peru in the 19th century.
利用tRNA-cox2基因间隔区对秘鲁蜜蜂种群的线粒体DNA变异进行了调查。仅有两项研究对这些种群进行了特征描述，表明在秘鲁不同地区存在非洲化蜜蜂蜂群以及不同程度的非洲化现象，但其遗传多样性的现状尚不清楚。从三个地区共采集了512个蜜蜂蜂群样本进行特征分析。我们的结果显示存在欧洲和非洲单倍型：鉴定出的非洲单倍型属于亚谱系A（13）和亚谱系A（03），欧洲单倍型属于谱系C（06）和M（02）。在鉴定出的24个单倍型中，本文报告了15个新序列（11个亚谱系A、2个亚谱系A和2个谱系M）。秘鲁蜜蜂种群中非洲单倍型的比例高于欧洲单倍型。皮斯科和胡宁地区报告的非洲单倍型比例较高，而利马则不同，其显示出更多来自谱系C的欧洲单倍型。属于谱系M的蜂群很少，这可能代表偶然购买或19世纪引入秘鲁的痕迹。
