Department of Entomology, University of Arkansas, 319 Agri Bldg, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
Biochem Genet. 2014 Jun;52(5-6):245-57. doi: 10.1007/s10528-014-9644-y. Epub 2014 Feb 14.
To study the genetic diversity of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) from unmanaged colonies in the United States, we sequenced a portion of the mitochondrial DNA COI-COII region. From the 530 to 1,230 bp amplicon, we observed 23 haplotypes from 247 samples collected from 12 states, representing three of the four A. mellifera lineages known to have been imported into the United States (C, M, and O). Six of the 13 C lineage haplotypes were not found in previous queen breeder studies in the United States. The O lineage accounted for 9% of unmanaged colonies which have not yet been reported in queen breeder studies. The M lineage accounted for a larger portion of unmanaged samples (7%) than queen breeder samples (3%). Based on our mitochondrial DNA data, the genetic diversity of unmanaged honey bees in the United States differs significantly from that of queen breeder populations (p < 0.00001). The detection of genetically distinct maternal lineages of unmanaged honey bees suggests that these haplotypes may have existed outside the managed honey bee population for a long period.
为了研究美国非管理蜂群中蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L.）的遗传多样性，我们对线粒体 DNA COI-COII 区域的一部分进行了测序。从 530 到 1230bp 的扩增子中，我们观察到了 23 种单倍型，这些单倍型来自从 12 个州采集的 247 个样本，代表了已知已被引入美国的四个蜜蜂谱系中的三个（C、M 和 O）。在美国之前的蜂王饲养者研究中，没有发现 13 个 C 系单倍型中的 6 个。尚未在蜂王饲养者研究中报道的 O 系占非管理蜂群的 9%。M 系占非管理样本（7%）的比例大于蜂王饲养者样本（3%）。基于我们的线粒体 DNA 数据，美国非管理蜜蜂的遗传多样性与蜂王饲养者种群有显著差异（p<0.00001）。非管理蜜蜂中存在遗传上不同的母系表明，这些单倍型可能在很长一段时间内存在于管理蜜蜂种群之外。
