Kalamaras Georgios, Kloukinioti Maria, Antonopoulou Maria, Ntaikou Ioanna, Vlastos Dimitris, Eleftherianos Antonios, Dailianis Stefanos
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Patras, GR-26500 Rio-Patra, Greece.
Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, GR-30100 Agrinio, Greece.
Toxics. 2021 Jul 12;9(7):166. doi: 10.3390/toxics9070166.
Considering that electronic wastes (e-wastes) have been recently recognized as a potent environmental and human threat, the present study aimed to assess the potential risk of personal computer motherboards (PCMBs) leaching into aquatic media, following a real-life scenario. Specifically, PCMBs were submerged for 30 days in both distilled water (DW) and artificial seawater (ASW). Afterwards, PCMBs leachates were chemically characterized (i.e., total organic carbon, ions, and trace elements) and finally used (a) for culturing freshwater ( sp. and ) and saltwater ( and ) microalgae for 10 days (240 h), (b) as the exposure medium for mussel (96 h exposure), and (c) for performing the Cytokinesis Block Micronucleus (CBMN) assay in human lymphocytes cultures. According to the results, PCMBs could mediate both fresh- and marine algae growth rates over time, thus enhancing the cytotoxic, oxidative, and genotoxic effects in the hemocytes of mussels (in terms of lysosomal membrane impairment, lipid peroxidation, and NO content and micronuclei formation, respectively), as well as human lymphocytes (in terms of MN formation and CBPI values, respectively). The current findings clearly revealed that PCMBs leaching into the aquatic media could pose detrimental effects on both aquatic organisms and human cells.
鉴于电子废物（电子垃圾）最近已被确认为对环境和人类的重大威胁，本研究旨在根据实际情况评估个人电脑主板（PCMBs）渗入水生介质的潜在风险。具体而言，将PCMBs在蒸馏水（DW）和人工海水（ASW）中浸泡30天。之后，对PCMBs浸出液进行化学表征（即总有机碳、离子和微量元素），最后用于：（a）培养淡水（ 属和 属）和咸水（ 和 ）微藻10天（240小时）；（b）作为贻贝的暴露介质（暴露96小时）；（c）用于在人类淋巴细胞培养中进行胞质分裂阻断微核（CBMN）试验。根据结果，PCMBs可随时间调节淡水和海洋藻类的生长速率，从而增强贻贝血细胞中的细胞毒性、氧化和遗传毒性作用（分别表现为溶酶体膜损伤、脂质过氧化、NO含量和微核形成），以及人类淋巴细胞中的细胞毒性、氧化和遗传毒性作用（分别表现为微核形成和CBPI值）。目前的研究结果清楚地表明，PCMBs渗入水生介质会对水生生物和人类细胞造成有害影响。
