Gallardo-Flores Carla E, Colpitts Che C
Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
Pathogens. 2021 Jul 17;10(7):902. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10070902.
Cyclophilins are cellular peptidyl-prolyl isomerases that play an important role in viral infections, with demonstrated roles in the replication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and other viruses in the family, such as dengue virus (DENV) and yellow fever virus (YFV). Here, we discuss the roles of cyclophilins in HCV infection and provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying the requirement for cyclophilins during HCV replication. Notably, cyclophilin inhibitor therapy has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing HCV replication in chronically infected patients. While the roles of cyclophilins are relatively well-understood for HCV infection, cyclophilins are more recently emerging as host factors for flavivirus infection as well, providing potential new therapeutic avenues for these viral infections which currently lack antiviral therapies. However, further studies are required to elucidate the roles of cyclophilins in flavivirus replication. Here, we review the current knowledge of the role of cyclophilins in HCV infection to provide a conceptual framework to understand how cyclophilins may contribute to other viral infections, such as DENV and YFV. Improved understanding of the roles of cyclophilins in viral infection may open perspectives for the development of cyclophilin inhibitors as effective antiviral therapeutics for HCV and related viruses.
亲环蛋白是细胞内肽基脯氨酰异构酶，在病毒感染中发挥重要作用，已证实其在丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）及该病毒家族中的其他病毒（如登革病毒（DENV）和黄热病病毒（YFV））复制过程中起作用。在此，我们讨论亲环蛋白在HCV感染中的作用，并全面概述HCV复制过程中对亲环蛋白需求的潜在机制。值得注意的是，亲环蛋白抑制剂疗法已被证明可有效降低慢性感染患者体内的HCV复制。虽然亲环蛋白在HCV感染中的作用已得到较好理解，但亲环蛋白最近也作为黄病毒感染的宿主因子出现，为目前缺乏抗病毒疗法的这些病毒感染提供了潜在的新治疗途径。然而，需要进一步研究以阐明亲环蛋白在黄病毒复制中的作用。在此，我们综述亲环蛋白在HCV感染中作用的现有知识，以提供一个概念框架，来理解亲环蛋白如何可能影响其他病毒感染，如DENV和YFV。对亲环蛋白在病毒感染中作用的更好理解可能为开发亲环蛋白抑制剂作为针对HCV及相关病毒的有效抗病毒疗法开辟前景。
