Department of Developmental, Social, and Personality Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Department of Developmental, Social, and Personality Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
J Adolesc. 2021 Aug;91:97-109. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2021.07.005. Epub 2021 Aug 4.
Although associations between Blatt's personality dimensions of self-criticism and dependency and adolescents' depressive symptoms are well-established, only few studies have examined associations between these variables at the level of daily, within-person fluctuations. Moreover, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying this personality vulnerability to depressive symptoms is limited. Therefore, we studied (a) daily fluctuations in both personality and depressive symptoms over a 7-day period and (b) the possible interplay between daily variations in personality vulnerability, need-based experiences (as conceptualized in Self-Determination Theory), and depressive symptoms. This interplay was examined in terms of both a mediational and a moderating role of the need-based experiences.
Participants were 121 Belgian adolescents (M = 15.81; SD = 1.50; 52 % male) who completed questionnaires tapping into daily self-criticism, dependency, need-based experiences, and depressive symptoms every evening during seven consecutive days.
RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: Multilevel analysis revealed that self-criticism and dependency fluctuated substantially on a daily basis. These daily fluctuations in personality were related to daily fluctuations in depressive symptoms, with daily variation in need-based experiences mediating these associations. We found no evidence for interactions between personality and the need-based experiences. The findings underscore the importance of considering daily fluctuations in individuals' personality vulnerability and point to the explanatory role of need-based experiences in the relation between personality and depressive symptoms on a daily basis.
尽管巴莱特（Blatt）的自我批判和依赖人格维度与青少年抑郁症状之间存在关联已得到充分证实，但仅有少数研究在个体日常波动层面上检验了这些变量之间的关联。此外，我们对这种人格易患抑郁症状的机制的理解有限。因此，我们研究了（a）在 7 天内人格和抑郁症状的日常波动，以及（b）人格脆弱性、基于需求的体验（如自我决定理论所构想的）与抑郁症状之间可能存在的相互作用。基于基于需求的体验的中介和调节作用，研究了这种相互作用。
参与者为 121 名比利时青少年（M=15.81；SD=1.50；52%为男性），他们在连续 7 天的每天晚上完成了自我批判、依赖、基于需求的体验和抑郁症状的问卷。
多层次分析显示，自我批判和依赖在日常层面上有很大的波动。人格的这些日常波动与抑郁症状的日常波动有关，基于需求的体验的日常变化中介了这些关联。我们没有发现人格与基于需求的体验之间存在相互作用的证据。这些发现强调了考虑个体人格脆弱性的日常波动的重要性，并指出了基于需求的体验在人格与抑郁症状的日常关系中的解释作用。
