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支持疑难诊断的统计方法。

Statistical Methods to Support Difficult Diagnoses.

作者信息

Pilz Guenter F, Weber Frank, Mueller Werner G, Schaefer Juergen R

机构信息

Institute of Algebra, Johannes Kepler University, 4040 Linz, Austria.

German Air Force Center of Aerospace Medicine, 82256 Fuerstenfeldbruck, Germany.

出版信息

Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Jul 20;11(7):1300. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11071300.

Abstract

Far too often, one meets patients who went for years or even decades from doctor to doctor without obtaining a valid diagnosis. This brings pain to millions of patients and their families, not to speak of the enormous costs. Often patients cannot tell precisely enough which factors (or combinations thereof) trigger their problems. If conventional methods fail, we propose the use of statistics and algebra to provide doctors much more useful inputs from patients. We use statistical regression for triggering factors of medical problems, and in particular, "balanced incomplete block designs" for factors detection. These methods can supply doctors with much more valuable inputs and can also find combinations of multiple factors through very few tests. In order to show that these methods do work, we briefly describe a case in which these methods helped to solve a 60-year-old problem in a patient and provide some more examples where these methods might be particularly useful. As a conclusion, while regression is used in clinical medicine, it seems to be widely unknown in diagnosing. Statistics and algebra can save the health systems much money, as well as the patients a lot of pain.

摘要

经常会遇到这样的患者,他们辗转于各个医生之间数年甚至数十年,却始终未能得到确切的诊断。这给数百万患者及其家庭带来了痛苦,更不用说巨大的花费了。患者往往无法准确说出是哪些因素(或这些因素的组合)引发了他们的问题。如果传统方法失效,我们建议运用统计学和代数方法,以便从患者那里为医生提供更有用的信息。我们使用统计回归来分析医疗问题的触发因素,特别是利用“平衡不完全区组设计”来进行因素检测。这些方法能够为医生提供更有价值的信息,还能通过极少的测试找到多种因素的组合。为了证明这些方法确实有效,我们简要描述一个案例,在这个案例中这些方法帮助解决了一位患者长达60年的问题,并且还提供了一些这些方法可能特别有用的更多例子。总之,虽然回归在临床医学中有所应用,但在诊断方面似乎还鲜为人知。统计学和代数可以为医疗系统节省大量资金,也能为患者减轻许多痛苦。

本文引用的文献

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