ADOLOR Research Group, Department of Medical-Surgical Therapy, Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Extremadura University, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Department of Medical-Surgical Therapy, Medicine and Health Sciences Faculty, Extremadura University, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 25;18(15):7872. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18157872.
In international cooperation projects that are carried out in less developed and developing countries, a large number of children with disabilities present cerebral palsy (CP). Orthopaedic disorders are frequent complications associated with this disorder. Their prevention and early intervention are essential to achieve an appropriate therapeutic approach for children with PC and to improve their quality of life.
To describe the treatment approach that is currently used in international cooperation projects for the rehabilitation management of the orthopaedic disorders in children with cerebral palsy.
This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, carried out by means of an online questionnaire to professionals in the field of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation working in international cooperation projects. The inclusion criteria were professionals working in the rehabilitation field in development aid, humanitarian action or emergency projects that provided rehabilitation services, working with children with cerebral palsy from 0 to 18 years old.
Ninety-eight questionnaires were analysed. The average age of the participants was 33.2 years, they were mainly working in development cooperation projects (83.33%) that were implemented in rehabilitation centres and through community-based rehabilitation services (60%). The projects were located in countries all over the world but mainly on the Asian continent (71.4%). Physiotherapists and orthopaedic technicians (72.22%) were the main professionals working in these projects, followed by occupational therapists and social workers (55.56%). The results indicated that the orthopaedic disorders were very frequent in the sample (66.67%), with hip subluxation (50%), scoliosis (77.78%), kyphosis (61.1%), clubfoot (88.7%) and varus foot (61.11%) standing out. The most commonly used treatment approaches were positioning (88.89%) and the Bobath concept (83.33%). The technical aids that were used by the professionals were ankle foot orthosis (AFO) (94.44%), bracing (66.67%), standing frames (83.33%), moulded seats (100%), corner seats (93.75%) and adapted seats (92.85%).
In international cooperation projects, the rehabilitation treatment of children with cerebral palsy is based on a holistic approach. This is reflected in the interventions that are carried out to treat their orthopaedic disorders and in locally produced devices, awareness raising and community education. However, the professionals surveyed considered that the aids or orthoses used are insufficient in the treatment and prevention of orthopaedic disorders in cerebral palsy.
在欠发达国家和发展中国家开展的国际合作项目中，大量残疾儿童患有脑瘫（CP）。骨科疾病是该疾病常见的并发症。预防和早期干预对于实现脑瘫儿童的适当治疗方法和提高他们的生活质量至关重要。
描述目前在国际合作项目中用于脑瘫儿童康复管理的骨科疾病治疗方法。
这是一项观察性、描述性、横断面研究，通过在线问卷对从事国际合作项目的物理治疗和康复领域的专业人员进行。纳入标准为在发展援助、人道主义行动或紧急项目中从事康复服务工作的专业人员，为 0 至 18 岁的脑瘫儿童提供服务。
分析了 98 份问卷。参与者的平均年龄为 33.2 岁，他们主要在发展合作项目（83.33%）中工作，这些项目在康复中心和社区康复服务中实施（60%）。这些项目遍布世界各地，但主要在亚洲大陆（71.4%）。物理治疗师和矫形技师（72.22%）是这些项目中主要的专业人员，其次是职业治疗师和社会工作者（55.56%）。结果表明，骨科疾病在样本中非常常见（66.67%），其中髋关节半脱位（50%）、脊柱侧凸（77.78%）、后凸（61.1%）、马蹄足（88.7%）和内翻足（61.11%）突出。最常使用的治疗方法是定位（88.89%）和 Bobath 概念（83.33%）。专业人员使用的技术辅助器具包括踝足矫形器（AFO）（94.44%）、支具（66.67%）、站立架（83.33%）、成型座椅（100%）、角座椅（93.75%）和适配座椅（92.85%）。
在国际合作项目中，脑瘫儿童的康复治疗基于整体方法。这反映在为治疗骨科疾病和制造当地设备、提高认识和社区教育而进行的干预措施中。然而，接受调查的专业人员认为，在治疗和预防脑瘫的骨科疾病方面，所使用的辅助器具或矫形器不足。
