Khare Tushar, Anand Uttpal, Dey Abhijit, Assaraf Yehuda G, Chen Zhe-Sheng, Liu Zhijun, Kumar Vinay
Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce (Savitribai Phule Pune University), Pune, India.
Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Jul 21;12:720726. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.720726. eCollection 2021.
Antibiotic resistance or microbial drug resistance is emerging as a serious threat to human healthcare globally, and the multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains are imposing major hurdles to the progression of drug discovery programs. Newer antibiotic-resistance mechanisms in microbes contribute to the inefficacy of the existing drugs along with the prolonged illness and escalating expenditures. The injudicious usage of the conventional and commonly available antibiotics in human health, hygiene, veterinary and agricultural practices is proving to be a major driver for evolution, persistence and spread of antibiotic-resistance at a frightening rate. The drying pipeline of new and potent antibiotics is adding to the severity. Therefore, novel and effective new drugs and innovative therapies to treat MDR infections are urgently needed. Apart from the different natural and synthetic drugs being tested, plant secondary metabolites or phytochemicals are proving efficient in combating the drug-resistant strains. Various phytochemicals from classes including alkaloids, phenols, coumarins, terpenes have been successfully demonstrated their inhibitory potential against the drug-resistant pathogens. Several phytochemicals have proved effective against the molecular determinants responsible for attaining the drug resistance in pathogens like membrane proteins, biofilms, efflux pumps and bacterial cell communications. However, translational success rate needs to be improved, but the trends are encouraging. This review highlights current knowledge and developments associated challenges and future prospects for the successful application of phytochemicals in combating antibiotic resistance and the resistant microbial pathogens.
抗生素耐药性或微生物耐药性正成为全球人类医疗保健面临的严重威胁，多重耐药（MDR）菌株给药物研发项目的进展带来了重大障碍。微生物中新出现的抗生素耐药机制导致现有药物失效，同时疾病持续时间延长，费用不断攀升。在人类健康、卫生、兽医和农业实践中，不加节制地使用传统且常用的抗生素，正成为抗生素耐药性以惊人速度演变、持续存在和传播的主要驱动因素。新型强效抗生素研发渠道的枯竭加剧了这一严峻形势。因此，迫切需要治疗多重耐药感染的新型有效药物和创新疗法。除了正在测试的各种天然和合成药物外，植物次生代谢产物或植物化学物质在对抗耐药菌株方面已被证明是有效的。来自生物碱、酚类、香豆素、萜类等类别的各种植物化学物质已成功证明它们对耐药病原体具有抑制潜力。几种植物化学物质已被证明对病原体中导致耐药性的分子决定因素有效，如膜蛋白、生物膜、外排泵和细菌细胞通讯。然而，转化成功率有待提高，但趋势令人鼓舞。本综述重点介绍了当前关于植物化学物质在对抗抗生素耐药性和耐药微生物病原体方面成功应用的相关知识、发展、挑战及未来前景。
