Wang Yangzhou, Kim Kyung Seok, Li Qiyun, Zhang Yunyue, Wang Zhen-Ying, Coates Brad Steven
Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun China.
Natural Resource Ecology and Management Iowa State University Ames IA USA.
Ecol Evol. 2021 Jul 9;11(15):10244-10257. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7829. eCollection 2021 Aug.
Diapause is an adaptive dormancy strategy by which arthropods endure extended periods of adverse climatic conditions. Seasonal variation in larval diapause initiation and duration in may influence adult mating generation number (voltinism) across different local environments. The degree to which voltine ecotype, geographic distance, or other ecological factors influence population genetic structure remains uncertain. Genetic differentiation was estimated between voltine ecotypes collected from 8 locations. Mitochondrial haplotypes were significantly different between historically allopatric univoltine and bivoltine locations, but confounded by a strong correlation with geographic distance. In contrast, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes show low but significant levels of variation and a lack of influence of geographic distance between allopatric voltine locations. Regardless, 11 of 257 SNP loci were predicted to be under selection, suggesting population genetic homogenization except at loci proximal to factors putatively under selection. These findings provide evidence of haplotype divergent voltine ecotypes that may be maintained in allopatric and sympatric areas despite relatively high rates of nuclear gene flow, yet influence of voltinism on maintenance of observed haplotype divergence remains unresolved.
滞育是节肢动物用以忍受长期不利气候条件的一种适应性休眠策略。某物种幼虫滞育起始和持续时间的季节性变化可能会影响不同当地环境中成年个体的交配代数（化性）。化性生态型、地理距离或其他生态因素对该物种种群遗传结构的影响程度仍不确定。对从8个地点采集的化性生态型之间的遗传分化进行了估计。历史上异域分布的一化性和二化性地点之间的线粒体单倍型存在显著差异，但与地理距离的强相关性使其变得复杂。相比之下，单核苷酸多态性（SNP）基因型显示出低但显著的变异水平，且异域化性地点之间不受地理距离的影响。尽管如此，257个SNP位点中有11个被预测处于选择之下，这表明除了假定处于选择之下的因素附近的位点外，种群遗传同质化现象存在。这些发现提供了单倍型分化的化性生态型的证据，尽管核基因流动率相对较高，但这些生态型可能在异域和同域区域得以维持，然而化性对观察到的单倍型分化维持的影响仍未得到解决。
