Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA.
Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Dec 10;799:149254. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149254. Epub 2021 Jul 27.
Though studies in bioaerosols are being conducted with increasing frequency over the past decade, the total breadth of knowledge on bioaerosols and their role in atmospheric processes is still minimal. In order to better characterize the chemical composition of fresh biological aerosol for purposes of source apportionment and tracing in the atmosphere, several plant pollen species were selected for detailed chemical analyses. For this purpose, different pollen species were purchased and collected around Reno, Nevada, USA, for further extraction and detailed chemical analysis. These species included aspen, corn, pecan, ragweed, eastern cottonwood, paper mulberry, rabbitbrush, bitterbrush, lodgepole pine, and Jeffrey pine. Saccharides, free amino acids, and various other polar compounds (e.g., anhydrosugars and resin acids) were quantitatively analyzed using gas chromatography and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry techniques (GC-MS and UPLC-MS), with the purpose to identify differences and nuances in chemical composition of specific pollen species. The saccharides β-d-fructose, α-d-glucose, and β-d-glucose were ubiquitously found across all pollen samples (10), and sucrose was found in five samples. d-galactose was also found in pine species. Total saccharides were 4.0 to 29% of total dry weight across all samples. Total free amino acids were 0.29% to 15% of total dry weight across all samples, with the most common amino acid being proline. Chemical profiles (including both saccharides and amino acids) of surface-deposited aerosol in the Lake Tahoe area correlated most closely with pine pollen than other analyzed pollen species, indicating that chemical profiles of pollen can be used to infer its contribution to local aerosols.
尽管过去十年中越来越频繁地开展了生物气溶胶研究，但对生物气溶胶及其在大气过程中的作用的全面了解仍然很少。为了更好地描述新鲜生物气溶胶的化学组成，以便在大气中进行源分配和示踪，选择了几种植物花粉进行详细的化学分析。为此，从美国内华达州里诺市附近购买和收集了不同的花粉物种，用于进一步提取和详细的化学分析。这些物种包括白杨、玉米、山核桃、豚草、东部棉白杨、纸桑树、兔尾草、苦艾、落基山冷杉和杰弗里松。使用气相色谱和超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS 和 UPLC-MS）对单糖、游离氨基酸和各种其他极性化合物（如无水糖和树脂酸）进行定量分析，目的是确定特定花粉物种的化学成分差异和细微差别。在所有花粉样品中普遍存在β-d-果糖、α-d-葡萄糖和β-d-葡萄糖（10），并且在五个样品中发现了蔗糖。在松树物种中也发现了 d-半乳糖。所有样品中总糖含量占总干重的 4.0%至 29%。所有样品中总游离氨基酸含量占总干重的 0.29%至 15%，最常见的氨基酸是脯氨酸。太浩湖地区表面沉积气溶胶的化学特征（包括单糖和氨基酸）与松树花粉最密切相关，而与其他分析的花粉物种相关性较低，表明花粉的化学特征可用于推断其对当地气溶胶的贡献。
