Martín-Gómez Beatriz, Salahange Laura, Tapia Jesús A, Martín María T, Ares Ana M, Bernal José
Analytical Chemistry Group (TESEA), I. U. CINQUIMA, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
Foods. 2022 Dec 12;11(24):4013. doi: 10.3390/foods11244013.
The consumption of bee pollen has increased in the last few years due to its nutritional and health-promoting properties, which are directly related to its bioactive constituents, such as amino acids. Currently, there is great interest in understanding the role of these in bee products as it provides relevant information, e.g., regarding nutritional value or geographical and botanical origins. In the present study, two fast chromatographic methods were adapted based on commercial EZ:faast™ kits for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography−mass spectrometry for determining free amino acids in bee pollen. Both methods involved the extraction of amino acids with water, followed by a solid phase extraction to eliminate interfering compounds, and a derivatization of the amino acids prior to their chromatographic separation. The best results in terms of run time (<7 min), matrix effect, and limits of quantification (3−75 mg/kg) were obtained when gas chromatography−mass spectrometry was employed. This latter methodology was applied to analyze several bee pollen samples obtained from local markets and experimental apiaries. The findings obtained from a statistical examination based on principal component analysis showed that bee pollen samples from commercial or experimental apiaries were different in their amino acid composition.
在过去几年中，由于蜂花粉具有营养和促进健康的特性，其消费量有所增加，这些特性与它的生物活性成分（如氨基酸）直接相关。目前，人们对了解这些成分在蜂产品中的作用非常感兴趣，因为它能提供相关信息，例如营养价值或地理和植物来源。在本研究中，基于用于气相色谱 - 质谱联用和液相色谱 - 质谱联用的商用EZ:faast™试剂盒，采用了两种快速色谱方法来测定蜂花粉中的游离氨基酸。两种方法都包括用水提取氨基酸，然后进行固相萃取以去除干扰化合物，并在色谱分离之前对氨基酸进行衍生化。当采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用时，在运行时间（<7分钟）、基质效应和定量限（3 - 75毫克/千克）方面获得了最佳结果。后一种方法被应用于分析从当地市场和实验蜂场获得的几个蜂花粉样品。基于主成分分析的统计检验结果表明，来自商业或实验蜂场的蜂花粉样品在氨基酸组成上存在差异。
