同种异体移植物与脊柱融合术
Allografts and Spinal Fusion.
作者信息
Cohen Justin D, Kanim Linda E, Tronits Andrew J, Bae Hyun W
机构信息
Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
出版信息
Int J Spine Surg. 2021 Apr;15(s1):68-93. doi: 10.14444/8056. Epub 2021 Apr 21.
BACKGROUND
Back pain is a common chief complaint within the United States and is caused by a multitude of etiologies. There are many different treatment modalities for back pain, with a frequent option being spinal fusion procedures. The success of spinal fusion greatly depends on instrumentation, construct design, and bone grafts used in surgery. Bone allografts are important for both structural integrity and providing a scaffold for bone fusion to occur.
METHOD
Searches were performed using terms "allografts" and "bone" as well as product names in peer reviewed literature Pubmed, Google Scholar, FDA-510k approvals, and clinicaltrials.gov.
RESULTS
This study is a review of allografts and focuses on currently available products and their success in both animal and clinical studies.
CONCLUSION
Bone grafts used in surgery are generally categorized into 3 main types: autogenous (from patient's own body), allograft (from cadaveric or living donor), and synthetic. This paper focuses on allografts and provides an overview on the different subtypes with an emphasis on recent product development and uses in spinal fusion surgery.
背景
背痛是美国常见的主要症状，由多种病因引起。背痛有许多不同的治疗方式，脊柱融合手术是常用的选择之一。脊柱融合手术的成功很大程度上取决于手术中使用的器械、结构设计和骨移植材料。同种异体骨对于维持结构完整性以及为骨融合提供支架都很重要。
方法
在同行评审文献数据库PubMed、谷歌学术、美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）510k批准文件以及临床试验.gov网站上，使用“同种异体移植物”“骨”以及产品名称进行检索。
结果
本研究是对同种异体移植物的综述，重点关注当前可用的产品及其在动物和临床研究中的成效。
结论
手术中使用的骨移植材料通常分为三大类：自体骨（取自患者自身身体）、同种异体骨（取自尸体或活体供体）和合成骨。本文重点关注同种异体骨，并概述不同的亚型，着重介绍近期的产品开发以及在脊柱融合手术中的应用。
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