Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
Mol Cancer Ther. 2021 Oct;20(10):1777-1788. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-21-0363. Epub 2021 Aug 10.
Hepatobiliary cancers are a heterogeneous group of malignancies with a dismal prognosis. Despite intensive research efforts focused on these tumors, methods for early diagnosis and effective targeted therapies are still lacking. Exosomes, released by most cells, exist in all kinds of body fluids and play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. They are small membranous vesicles containing biological molecules, such as noncoding RNAs (ncRNA), which are not translated into proteins, but they exert effects on the regulation of gene transcription and translation. There is growing evidence for the essential roles of ncRNAs in exosomes in both physiologic and pathologic conditions of hepatobiliary cancers. They have been identified as sensitive diagnostic biomarkers as well as potential therapeutic targets. The present review discusses recent findings in the cross-talk between hepatobiliary cancers cells and the surrounding cells of the microenvironment and discuss their potential clinical usage.
肝胆癌是一组预后不良的异质性恶性肿瘤。尽管针对这些肿瘤进行了大量的研究，但仍缺乏早期诊断和有效靶向治疗的方法。外泌体是大多数细胞释放的存在于各种体液中的小膜囊泡，在细胞间通讯中发挥重要作用。它们含有非编码 RNA（ncRNA）等生物分子，但这些 ncRNA 不翻译成蛋白质，而是通过调节基因转录和翻译发挥作用。越来越多的证据表明，ncRNA 在肝胆癌的生理和病理条件下的外泌体中起着重要作用。它们已被确定为敏感的诊断生物标志物以及潜在的治疗靶点。本文综述了肝胆癌细胞与微环境中周围细胞之间的串扰的最新研究进展，并探讨了其潜在的临床应用。
