Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410080, China.
Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
Mol Cancer. 2019 Mar 9;18(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s12943-019-0984-4.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) membranes enclose nanosized vesicles with a size range of 30-150 nm and are plentiful in our body in both physiological and pathological conditions. Exosomes, a type of EV, are important mediators of intracellular communication among tumor cells, immune cells, and stromal cells. They can shuttle bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids, RNA, and DNA; however, the precise function of EVs remains largely unknown. In recent years, tumor-associated cargo in exosomes has been a hot topic in research, especially with respect to noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Herein, we review the role of exosomal ncRNAs, including miRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, in tumor biological processes. Clinically, exosomal ncRNAs may eventually become novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer progression.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）的膜包围着纳米大小的囊泡，其大小范围为 30-150nm，并在生理和病理条件下在我们体内大量存在。外泌体是 EV 的一种重要类型，是肿瘤细胞、免疫细胞和基质细胞之间细胞内通讯的重要介质。它们可以转运生物活性分子，如蛋白质、脂质、RNA 和 DNA；然而，EV 的精确功能在很大程度上仍然未知。近年来，外泌体中的肿瘤相关 cargo 一直是研究的热点，特别是非编码 RNA（ncRNAs）。在此，我们综述了外泌体 ncRNAs（包括 miRNA 和长非编码 RNA）在肿瘤生物学过程中的作用。临床上，外泌体 ncRNAs 最终可能成为癌症进展中新型的生物标志物和治疗靶点。
