Universidade Federal do Pará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Belém, Pará, Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Pará, Faculdade de Odontologia, Belém, Pará, Brasil.
J Appl Oral Sci. 2021 Aug 9;29:e20200955. doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0955. eCollection 2021.
The congenital absence of multiple teeth may share the same genetic background of the development of some types of cancer.
This systematic review aimed to investigate the possible association between dental agenesis and cancer, and the perspective of agenesis as an early predictor for cancer risk.
The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and OpenGrey were searched and the risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa tool. The GRADE tool was used to evaluate the certainty of the evidence.
Six studies met the eligibility criteria. A positive co-occurrence between ovarian cancer and hypodontia was found in two articles. Three studies evaluated the association between dental agenesis and colorectal cancer and only one showed common genes for these conditions. One paper found individuals with hypodontia had a higher risk of family history of cancer. Five studies had a fair quality and one a good quality. The certainty of evidence was classified as very low.
Notwithstanding the limited scientific evidence, there may be a possible association between dental agenesis and cancer due to genes involved in both conditions. Agenesis of multiple teeth could be an early indicator of cancer risk. Nevertheless, studies with a better level of evidence are needed to confirm this possible association.
本系统评价旨在探讨先天性缺牙与癌症之间可能存在的关联，以及将缺牙作为癌症风险早期预测指标的观点。
检索电子数据库 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science、Cochrane 图书馆、LILACS 和 OpenGrey，并使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华工具评估偏倚风险。使用 GRADE 工具评估证据的确定性。
符合纳入标准的有 6 项研究。有 2 篇文章发现卵巢癌和先天性缺牙之间存在正相关。有 3 项研究评估了先天性缺牙与结直肠癌之间的关联，只有 1 项研究表明这些疾病存在共同基因。有 1 篇文章发现缺牙患者有更高的癌症家族史风险。5 项研究质量为“一般”，1 项为“良好”。证据的确定性被归类为极低。
尽管科学证据有限，但由于两种情况下都涉及基因，先天性缺牙与癌症之间可能存在关联。多发性牙齿缺失可能是癌症风险的早期指标。然而，需要进行具有更高证据水平的研究来证实这种可能的关联。
