Research Centre for Psychology of Health, Aging and Sport Examination, Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Department of Family Medicine, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2021 Aug 9;9(8):e23896. doi: 10.2196/23896.
The rapid diffusion of wearable electronic health monitoring devices (wearable devices or wearables) among lay populations shows that self-tracking and self-monitoring are pervasively expanding, while influencing health-related practices. General practitioners are confronted with this phenomenon, since they often are the expert-voice that patients will seek.
This article aims to explore general practitioners' perceptions of the role of wearable devices in family medicine and of their benefits, risks, and challenges associated with their use. It also explores their perceptions of the future development of these devices.
Data were collected during a medical conference among 19 Swiss general practitioners through mind maps. Maps were first sketched at the conference and their content was later compared with notes and reports written during the conference, which allowed for further integration of information. This tool represents an innovative methodology in qualitative research that allows for time-efficient data collection and data analysis.
Data analysis highlighted that wearable devices were described as user-friendly, adaptable devices that could enable performance monitoring and support medical research. Benefits included support for patients' empowerment and education, behavior change facilitation, better awareness of personal medical history and body functioning, efficient information transmission, and connection with the patient's medical network; however, general practitioners were concerned by a lack of scientific validation, lack of clarity over data protection, and the risk of stakeholder-associated financial interests. Other perceived risks included the promotion of an overly medicalized health culture and the risk of supporting patients' self-diagnosis and self-medication. General practitioners also feared increased pressure on their workload and a compromised doctor-patient relationship. Finally, they raised important questions that can guide wearables' future design and development, highlighting a need for general practitioners and medical professionals to be involved in the process.
Wearables play an increasingly central role in daily health-related practices, and general practitioners expressed a desire to become more involved in the development of such technologies. Described as useful information providers, wearables were generally positively perceived and did not seem to pose a threat to the doctor-patient relationship. However, general practitioners expressed their concern that wearables may fuel a self-monitoring logic, to the detriment of patients' autonomy and overall well-being. While wearables can contribute to health promotion, it is crucial to clarify the logic underpinning the design of such devices. Through the analysis of group discussions, this study contributes to the existing literature by presenting general practitioners' perceptions of wearable devices. This paper provides insight on general practitioners' perception to be considered in the context of product development and marketing.
可穿戴电子健康监测设备（可穿戴设备或可穿戴设备）在普通人群中的迅速普及表明，自我跟踪和自我监测正在广泛扩展，同时影响着与健康相关的实践。全科医生面临着这种现象，因为他们通常是患者寻求的专家声音。
本文旨在探讨全科医生对可穿戴设备在家庭医学中的作用及其相关益处、风险和挑战的看法，以及他们对这些设备未来发展的看法。
通过思维导图，在 19 名瑞士全科医生参加的医学会议期间收集数据。在会议上首先绘制思维导图，然后将其内容与会议期间记录的笔记和报告进行比较，从而进一步整合信息。这种工具代表了定性研究中的一种创新方法，它允许高效的数据收集和数据分析。
数据分析突出表明，可穿戴设备被描述为用户友好、可适应的设备，可以实现性能监测并支持医学研究。好处包括支持患者的赋权和教育、促进行为改变、更好地了解个人病史和身体功能、高效地信息传递以及与患者的医疗网络连接；然而，全科医生对缺乏科学验证、数据保护不明确以及利益相关者相关财务利益的风险表示担忧。其他被认为的风险包括促进过度医疗化的健康文化以及支持患者自我诊断和自我用药的风险。全科医生还担心工作负荷增加和医患关系受损。最后，他们提出了一些重要的问题，可以指导可穿戴设备的未来设计和开发，强调需要全科医生和医疗专业人员参与这一过程。
可穿戴设备在日常健康相关实践中扮演着越来越重要的角色，全科医生表示希望更多地参与此类技术的开发。可穿戴设备被描述为有用的信息提供者，总体上被认为是有益的，并且似乎不会对医患关系构成威胁。然而，全科医生表示担心可穿戴设备可能会助长自我监测的逻辑，从而损害患者的自主权和整体福祉。虽然可穿戴设备可以促进健康，但明确设计此类设备的基本逻辑至关重要。通过对小组讨论的分析，本研究通过展示全科医生对可穿戴设备的看法，为现有文献做出了贡献。本文提供了全科医生的看法，以便在产品开发和营销的背景下进行考虑。
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