Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Department of Genetics and Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Prog Mol Subcell Biol. 2021;60:27-56. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-74889-0_2.
The fact that satellite DNAs (satDNAs) in eukaryotes are abundant genomic components, can perform functional roles, but can also change rapidly across species while being homogenous within a species, makes them an intriguing and fascinating genomic component to study. It is also becoming clear that satDNAs represent an important piece in genome architecture and that changes in their structure, organization, and abundance can affect the evolution of genomes and species in many ways. Since the discovery of satDNAs more than 50 years ago, species from the Drosophila genus have continuously been used as models to study several aspects of satDNA biology. These studies have been largely concentrated in D. melanogaster and closely related species from the Sophophora subgenus, even though the vast majority of all Drosophila species belong to the Drosophila subgenus. This chapter highlights some studies on the satDNA structure, organization, and evolution in two species groups from the Drosophila subgenus: the repleta and virilis groups. We also discuss and review the classification of other abundant tandem repeats found in these species in the light of the current information available.
真核生物中的卫星 DNA（satDNA）是丰富的基因组成分，它们可以发挥功能作用，但在物种间快速变化的同时，在物种内保持同源，这使得它们成为一个有趣和引人入胜的基因组成分来研究。越来越清楚的是，satDNA 代表了基因组结构的重要组成部分，它们结构、组织和丰度的变化可以在许多方面影响基因组和物种的进化。自 50 多年前发现 satDNA 以来，果蝇属的物种一直被用作研究 satDNA 生物学几个方面的模型。这些研究主要集中在黑腹果蝇和 Sophophora 亚属的密切相关的物种上，尽管绝大多数果蝇物种属于 Drosophila 亚属。本章重点介绍了果蝇亚属的两个物种群——repleta 和 virilis 组中的 satDNA 结构、组织和进化的一些研究。我们还根据现有信息讨论和审查了在这些物种中发现的其他丰富串联重复的分类。
