COVID-19 大流行期间重症监护护士的压力和生活质量：自我效能和韧性作为资源。
Stress and quality of life of intensive care nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: Self-efficacy and resilience as resources.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Critical Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
出版信息
Nurs Crit Care. 2021 Nov;26(6):493-500. doi: 10.1111/nicc.12690. Epub 2021 Aug 13.
BACKGROUND
Health care workers employed in the COVID-19 emergency are at a high risk of stress.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To explore the mediating roles of self-efficacy and resilience between stress and both physical and mental quality-of-life components in intensive care nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional survey design.
METHODS
The stress subscale (depression, anxiety, and stress scale in Spanish Scale, DASS-21), the summary components (physical and mental) of health-related quality of life (SF-36), the general self-efficacy scale (GSES), and the resilience scale (RS-14) were administered in 308 intensive care nurses. Serial multiple mediator models were used.
RESULTS
There was a significant indirect effect of levels of perceived stress on both physical and mental health components through self-efficacy and resilience. Specifically, greater perception of self-efficacy was associated with a lower perception of stress and greater resilience, while higher resilience was associated with greater physical and mental health (B = -0.03; SE = 0.02; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [-0.07, -0.01]; B = -0.03, SE = 0.01, 95% CI = [-0.07, -0.01], respectively). It was observed that self-efficacy alone also mediates the relationship of the perception of stress on the components of physical and mental health (B = -0.07; SE = 0.05; 95% CI = [-0.18, -0.03]; B = -0.09; SE = 0.04; 95% CI = [-0.17, -0.24], respectively). However, resilience alone was not a significant mediator of these associations.
CONCLUSIONS
It can be concluded that stress is linked to the physical and mental health components related to quality of life through self-efficacy and resilience.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
These psychological resources would allow the nursing staff to maintain a good quality of life despite high levels of stress. These findings have implications for future research in terms of both model testing and clinical application.
背景
在 COVID-19 紧急情况下工作的医护人员面临着高度的压力。
目的和目标
探讨在 COVID-19 大流行期间，重症监护护士的自我效能感和韧性在压力与身体和心理两个方面的生活质量成分之间的中介作用。
设计
横断面调查设计。
方法
对 308 名重症监护护士进行了压力分量表（西班牙语量表的抑郁、焦虑和压力量表，DASS-21）、健康相关生活质量的综合组成部分（SF-36）、一般自我效能感量表（GSES）和韧性量表（RS-14）的评估。使用了序列多重中介模型。
结果
感知压力水平对身体和心理健康两个方面都有显著的间接影响，通过自我效能感和韧性。具体而言，更高的自我效能感与更低的压力感和更高的韧性相关，而更高的韧性与更好的身体和心理健康相关（B=-0.03，SE=0.02，95%置信区间[CI] = [-0.07，-0.01]；B=-0.03，SE=0.01，95%CI = [-0.07，-0.01]）。还观察到，自我效能感单独也调节了压力感知与身体和心理健康成分之间的关系（B=-0.07，SE=0.05，95%CI = [-0.18，-0.03]；B=-0.09，SE=0.04，95%CI = [-0.17，-0.24]）。然而，韧性单独并不是这些关联的显著中介。
结论
可以得出结论，压力通过自我效能感和韧性与生活质量相关的身体和心理健康成分相关联。
临床相关性
这些心理资源将使护理人员在高压力水平下保持良好的生活质量。这些发现对未来的研究在模型测试和临床应用方面都具有重要意义。
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