Myers M G
Can Med Assoc J. 1977 Jan 22;116(2):173-6.
Clonidine, propranolol, bethanidine and debrisoquine effectively decrease blood pressure by suppressing renin secretion or interfering with function of the sympathetic nervous system. In man these compounds exert an antihypertensive effect within several hours or days and their duration of action is sufficient to permit administration twice or thrice daily. Clonidine and propranolol are especially useful if sexual dysfunction or postural hypotension is undesirable. Although bethanidine and debrisoquine may produce these adverse effects, they are beneficial in severe hypertension and produce fewer side effects than guanethidine. Clonidine frequently causes sedation, and rebound hypertension may occur with sudden cessation of therapy. Injudicious use of propranolol may provoke heart failure or asthma in susceptible individuals. The combination of a thiazide diuretic with propranolol and one of hydralazine, bethanidine and debrisoquine may be used to treat severe or complicated hypertension.
可乐定、普萘洛尔、苄甲胍和异喹胍可通过抑制肾素分泌或干扰交感神经系统功能有效降低血压。在人体中，这些化合物在数小时或数天内发挥降压作用，其作用持续时间足以允许每日给药两次或三次。如果性功能障碍或体位性低血压不可取，可乐定和普萘洛尔特别有用。虽然苄甲胍和异喹胍可能会产生这些不良反应，但它们对重度高血压有益，且产生的副作用比胍乙啶少。可乐定常引起镇静作用，突然停药可能会出现反跳性高血压。在易感个体中，不合理使用普萘洛尔可能会引发心力衰竭或哮喘。噻嗪类利尿剂与普萘洛尔以及肼屈嗪、苄甲胍和异喹胍之一联合使用可用于治疗重度或复杂性高血压。
