Alemayehu Getaneh Firew, Forsido Sirawdink Fikreyesus, Tola Yetenayet B, Teshager Minbale Adimas, Assegie Addisu Alemayehu, Amare Endale
Department of Post-Harvest Management, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Department of Chemistry, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2021 Aug 5;7(8):e07722. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07722. eCollection 2021 Aug.
Oat () is an underutilized cereal grain in Ethiopia from the grass family. This study aimed to investigate the proximate, mineral, and anti-nutrient composition of three landrace varieties commonly used in certain districts of the country and compare them with two improved varieties of oats in Ethiopia. The proximate and mineral composition was determined using the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) standard methods. Phytate and tannin contents were determined using the spectroscopic method, and oxalate was analyzed using HPLC. The bioavailability of minerals was also estimated. Results showed significant (p < 0.05) differences in proximate, mineral, and anti-nutrient compositions among studied varieties. The moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, and total carbohydrate contents were in the range between 8.5-9.8, 11.9-15.8, 6.7-10.3, 2.1-3.5, 1.2-1.3, and 72.6-74.3 g/100 g DM, respectively. Iron, copper, zinc, magnesium, calcium, and potassium contents were 2.5-3.0, 0.2-0.4, 1.6-2.0, 62.4-89.1, 44.0-102.7, and 241.7-258.3 mg/100 g DM, respectively. The oxalate, tannin, and phytate contents ranged from 28.2-71.4, 38.8-51.5, and 269.6-293.0 mg/100 g DM, respectively. Except for a few varieties of oats, the molar ratios were below the critical values. Results showed that both the landraces and improved varieties studied are an excellent source of valuable nutrients. Thus, the production and utilization of this crop in a few geographical locations and communities should be further encouraged in the rest areas of the country to benefit from this underutilized but nutritious crop.
燕麦（）是埃塞俄比亚一种未得到充分利用的谷类作物，属于禾本科。本研究旨在调查该国某些地区常用的三个地方品种燕麦的近似成分、矿物质成分和抗营养成分，并将它们与埃塞俄比亚的两个改良燕麦品种进行比较。近似成分和矿物质成分采用美国官方分析化学家协会（AOAC）的标准方法测定。植酸盐和单宁含量采用光谱法测定，草酸盐采用高效液相色谱法分析。还估算了矿物质的生物利用率。结果表明，所研究品种的近似成分、矿物质成分和抗营养成分存在显著（p < 0.05）差异。水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、灰分和总碳水化合物含量分别在8.5 - 9.8、11.9 - 15.8、6.7 - 10.3、2.1 - 3.5、1.2 - 1.3和72.6 - 74.3 g/100 g干物质范围内。铁、铜、锌、镁、钙和钾含量分别为2.5 - 3.0、0.2 - 0.4、1.6 - 2.0、62.4 - 89.1、44.0 - 102.7和241.7 - 258.3 mg/100 g干物质。草酸盐、单宁和植酸盐含量分别在28.2 - 71.4、38.8 - 51.5和269.6 - 293.0 mg/100 g干物质范围内。除少数燕麦品种外，摩尔比均低于临界值。结果表明，所研究的地方品种和改良品种都是有价值营养成分的优质来源。因此，该国其他地区应进一步鼓励在一些地理位置和社区种植和利用这种作物，以便从这种未得到充分利用但营养丰富的作物中受益。
