Sports Medicine Department, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Physiol Rep. 2021 Aug;9(16):e14951. doi: 10.14814/phy2.14951.
The evaluation of the maximal oxygen uptake ( ) following exercise training is the classical assessment of training effectiveness. Research has lacked in investigating whether individuals that do not respond to the training intervention ( ), also do not improve in other health-related parameters. We aimed to investigate the cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations (i.e., performance, body composition, blood pressure, vascular function, fasting blood markers, and resting cardiac function and morphology) to exercise training among participants who showed different levels of responsiveness. Healthy sedentary participants engaged in a 6-week exercise training program, three times a week. Our results showed that responders had a greater increase in peak power output, second lactate threshold, and microvascular responsiveness, whereas non-responders had a greater increase in cycling efficiency. No statistical differences were observed in body composition, blood pressure, fasting blood parameters, and resting cardiac adaptations. In conclusion, our study showed, for the first time, that in addition to the differences in the , a greater increase in microvascular responsiveness in responders compared to non-responders was observed. Additionally, responders and non-responders did not show differences in the adaptations on metabolic parameters. There is an increasing need for personalized training prescription, depending on the target clinical outcome.
运动训练后最大摄氧量（ ）的评估是训练效果的经典评估。研究缺乏对那些对训练干预无反应（ ）的个体的调查，这些个体在其他与健康相关的参数上也没有改善。我们旨在调查运动训练对不同反应水平的个体的心血管和代谢适应性（即表现、身体成分、血压、血管功能、空腹血液标志物以及静息心脏功能和形态）。健康的久坐参与者每周进行三次为期 6 周的运动训练计划。我们的结果表明，反应者的峰值功率输出、第二乳酸阈和微血管反应性有更大的增加，而无反应者的自行车效率有更大的增加。在身体成分、血压、空腹血液参数和静息心脏适应性方面没有观察到统计学差异。总之，我们的研究首次表明，除了 的差异外，反应者的微血管反应性比无反应者有更大的增加。此外，反应者和无反应者在代谢参数的适应性上没有差异。根据目标临床结果，需要个性化的训练处方。
