运动相关营养补充剂（运动饮料、运动棒、运动凝胶）的使用情况、相关因素及不良反应的流行率：美国军人膳食补充剂使用研究。

Prevalence, factors associated with use, and adverse effects of sport-related nutritional supplements (sport drinks, sport bars, sport gels): the US military dietary supplement use study.

机构信息

Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA, 01760, USA.

Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.

出版信息

J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2021 Aug 25;18(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s12970-021-00457-x.

DOI:10.1186/s12970-021-00457-x

PMID:34433482

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8390290/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Sport-related nutritional supplements (SRNSs) include sport drinks, sport bars, and sport gels. Previous studies indicate that 25-35 % of athletes and 25-50 % of military personnel report using these supplements. This study examined prevalence, factors associated with use, and adverse effects (AEs) of SRNSs among United States military service members (SMs).

METHODS

A stratified random sample of 200,000 SMs was obtained from military workforce records, and asked to complete a survey on demographics, SRNS use, and AEs experienced. About 18 % (n = 26,681) of contacted SMs (n = 146,365) completed the survey between December 2018 and August 2019.

RESULTS

Overall, 45 % of SMs used ≥ 1 SRNS at least once per week in the past 6 months. Prevalence of use (± standard error) for sport drinks, bars, and gels were 32 ± 0.3, 27 ± 0.3, and 3 ± 0.1 %, respectively. Use of 1, 2, or 3 SRNSs was 28.9 ± 0.5, 13.6 ± 0.6, and 2.2 ± 0.6 %, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression indicated greater use of any SRNS was independently associated with male gender, younger age, single marital status, more weekly aerobic or resistance training, tobacco use, higher alcohol intake, officer status, combat arms occupations, and service in the Marine Corps or Navy (compared to the Air Force). Overall, the proportion of users reporting ≥ 1 AE was 2.0 ± 0.1 %, with 1.3 ± 0.1 % for sport drinks, 1.6 ± 0.2 % for sport bars, and 2.8 ± 0.6 % for sport gels.

CONCLUSIONS

This large study of a stratified random sample of SMs found that nearly half of SMs consumed SRNSs weekly, and self-reported AEs were comparatively low. The AE incidence for SRNSs was much lower than typically found for dietary supplements, possibly because of more rigorous regulatory oversight for SRNSs.

摘要

背景

运动相关营养补充剂（SRNSs）包括运动饮料、运动棒和运动凝胶。先前的研究表明，25-35%的运动员和 25-50%的军人报告使用这些补充剂。本研究调查了美国军人（SMs）中 SRNSs 的使用频率、与使用相关的因素以及不良事件（AEs）。

方法

从军事劳动力记录中获得了 200,000 名 SMs 的分层随机样本，并要求他们完成一份关于人口统计学、SRNS 使用情况和经历过的不良事件的调查。在 2018 年 12 月至 2019 年 8 月期间，约 18%（n=26,681）的接触 SMs（n=146,365）完成了调查。

结果

总体而言，45%的 SMs 在过去 6 个月中每周至少使用一次≥1 种 SRNS。运动饮料、棒和凝胶的使用率（±标准误差）分别为 32±0.3、27±0.3 和 3±0.1%。使用 1、2 或 3 种 SRNSs 的比例分别为 28.9±0.5、13.6±0.6 和 2.2±0.6%。多变量逻辑回归表明，任何 SRNS 的使用与男性性别、年轻年龄、单身婚姻状况、每周更多的有氧运动或抗阻训练、吸烟、饮酒量较高、军官身份、战斗武器职业以及在海军陆战队或海军（与空军相比）有关。总体而言，报告≥1 种不良事件的使用者比例为 2.0±0.1%，其中运动饮料为 1.3±0.1%，运动棒为 1.6±0.2%，运动凝胶为 2.8±0.6%。