Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan.
School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Aug 6;18(16):8340. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18168340.
Rescue workers are a population at high-risk for mental problems as they are exposed to work-related stress from confrontation with traumatic events when responding to a disaster. A reliable measure is needed to assess rescue workers' work-related stress from their surveillance of a disaster scene to help prevent severe PTSD and depressive symptoms. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Work-Related Stress Scale (WRSS) designed to measure stress in rescue workers after responding to traumatic mass-casualty events. An exploratory sequential mixed methods procedure was employed. The qualitative phase of the item generation component involved in-depth interviews of 7 experienced rescue workers from multiple specialties who had taken part in 1 or 2 mass-casualty events: the 2018 Hualien earthquake or the 2016 Tainan earthquake. In the quantitative phase, a modified Delphi approach was used to achieve consensus ratings by the same 7 raters on the items and to assess content validity. Construct validity was determined by confirmatory factor analysis using a broader sample of 293 rescue workers who had taken part in 1 of 2 mass-casualty events: the 2018 Hualien earthquake or the 2021 Hualien train derailment. The final WRSS consists of 16 items total and 4 subscales: Physical Demands, Psychological Response, Environmental Interruption, and Leadership, with aggregated alphas of 0.74-0.88. The WRSS was found to have psychometric integrity as a measure of stress in rescue workers after responding to a disaster.
救援人员在应对灾难时会直面创伤性事件，承受与工作相关的压力，因此他们是心理问题高发人群。需要有一种可靠的方法来评估救援人员在灾难现场监测工作时的相关压力，以帮助预防严重的创伤后应激障碍和抑郁症状。本研究旨在开发和验证工作相关压力量表（WRSS），旨在衡量救援人员在应对创伤性大规模伤亡事件后的压力。采用探索性顺序混合方法程序。项目生成组成部分的定性阶段涉及对来自多个专业的 7 名有 1 到 2 次大规模伤亡事件经验的资深救援人员进行深入访谈：2018 年花莲地震或 2016 年台南地震。在定量阶段，采用改良 Delphi 方法，由相同的 7 名评估员对项目进行共识评估，并评估内容有效性。通过对 293 名参加过 2 次大规模伤亡事件之一的救援人员（2018 年花莲地震或 2021 年花莲火车脱轨事件）的更广泛样本进行验证性因子分析，确定结构有效性。最终的 WRSS 共包含 16 个项目和 4 个子量表：身体需求、心理反应、环境中断和领导力，综合信度系数为 0.74-0.88。WRSS 被证明是一种用于衡量灾难后救援人员压力的心理测量学工具。
